problem 1)a) How human readability and machine readability affects the popularity of programming languages?

b) Describe the following language design principles

i) Expressiveness

ii) Simplicity

iii) Consistency with accepted notations

iv) Orthogonality

problem 2)a) What is ambiguity? How it can be removed?

b) Define symbol table? Describe how symbol table is maintained for ‘structure’ data structure

c) Give box and circle representation for variables and constants

problem 3)a) Define the following terms

i) Type checking

ii) type system

iii) weakly typed language

iv) type inference

b) What is type conversion? Describe with ex

c) What is short circuit evaluation? Describe with ex

problem 4)a) prepare recursive and tail recursive code in C for the following

i) Nth Fibonacci number

ii) Sum of integers from I to J 2M

b) describe different forms of implementing interfaces in JAVA?

c) In JAVA when do we declare a class or method as final?

problem 5)a) prepare LISP/Scheme code for

i) Appending a list

ii) Reversing a list

b) Describe the process of resolution and unification in logic programming.

problem 6) prepare brief notes on:

a) Horn clauses in logic programming

b) complete algebraic specification for stack and queue

c) Advantages of static type checking

d) Parameter passing mechanisms