1. A computer has 32-bit virtual addresses and 4-KB pages. The program and data together fit in the lowest page (0-4095) The stack fits in the highest page. How many en- tries are needed in the page table if traditional (one-level) paging is used? How many page table entries are needed for two-level paging, with 10 bits in each part?

2. Below is an execution trace of a program fragment for a computer with 512-byte pages. The program is located at address 1020, and its stack pointer is at 8192 (the stack grows toward 0). Give the page reference string generated by this program. Each instruction occupies 4 bytes (1 word) including immediate constants. Both instruction and data references count in the reference string.

Load word 6144 into register 0 Push register 0 onto the stack

Call a procedure at 5120, stacking the return address Subtract the immediate constant 16 from the stack pointer Compare the actual parameter to the immediate constant 4 Jump if equal to 5152