Question 1 - Address usage
Consider the following classless address block:
145.87.100.3/25
Calculate the following:

a) the network address,
b) the direct broadcast address, and
c) the range of addresses available for hosts

Show the steps you took to arrive at your answers.

Question 2- Allocating subnets from a block

A company has been granted a block of addresses whichincludes the address172.38.216.7/23. Answer the following questions, showing your calculations.

a) Calculate the network address of this block and how many addresses including special addresses this block can provide

b) Create the following 6 subnets for this company by calculating the subnet address for each subnet. Answer this question by filling in the table in the Answer template. Use CIDR format for the mask.
I. 2 subnets with 64 addresses each
II. 4 subnets with 32 addresses each

c) How many addresses are unallocated? Show calculation

Question 3 - Network Tools (Windows)
Often the best way to gain an initial familiarity with network tools is to simply use them, at a basic level in exploratory mode as suggested in some of the tutorial exercises. Netstat and Tracert are included in Windows, while Wireshark is free to download and install. Explore Wireshark, Netstat and Tracert, then complete this question.

a) A wireshark scan has produced a packet capture, saved to a file named wireshark_capture01.pcapng and available on the Unit website. Download the file and open it in Wireshark, then answer these questions about the scan:

i. View Frame 2: On which interface was this packet captured? what transport layer protocol was used? What kind of message was being transmitted at that point?

ii. View Frame 10: What transport layer protocol was used? Scan a few more frames down: what general activity was the user most likely engaged in? - give reasons

b) A ‘NETSTAT -aon' command has given the output shown below. Focussing on line 4 (highlighted), what type of application is sending messages on this connection, and is it over a secure connection or not a secure connection? - give reasons

Active Connections

Proto  Local Address         Foreign Address     State         PID

1 TCP    10.0.0.58:139          0.0.0.0:0              LISTENING      

2 TCP    10.0.0.58:5040         0.0.0.0:0              LISTENING      7480

3 TCP    10.0.0.118:139         0.0.0.0:0              LISTENING       4

4 TCP    10.0.0.118:52450       52.63.165.133:443      ESTABLISHED     14080

5 TCP    10.0.0.118:52458       104.116.191.195:443    CLOSE_WAIT      8912

6 TCP    10.0.0.118:52791       40.100.151.2:443       ESTABLISHED     22400

7 TCP    10.0.0.118:52811       162.125.34.129:443     ESTABLISHED     4696

8 TCP    10.0.0.118:52820       34.232.224.128:443     CLOSE_WAIT      4696

9 TCP    10.0.0.118:52879       162.125.34.129:443     ESTABLISHED     4696

...

c) Do a TRACERT on your computer to facebook. Paste the output to your assignment answer template and discuss the output in sufficient detail to demonstrate that you understand the information being displayed.