QUESTION 1

(a) Given memory partition of 100 kB, 500kB, 200kB, 300kB, and 600 kB (in order), how would each of the First-fit, Best-fit, and Worst-fit algorithms place processes of 212kB, 417kB, 112kB, and 426kB (in order)?

(b) Which algorithm makes the most efficient use of memory?

(c) Why are page sizes always powers of 2? Consider a paging system with the page table stored in memory

(d) If memory references take 200 nanoseconds, how long does a paged memory reference take?

(e) If we add TLBs, and 75% of all page references are found in the TLBs, what is the effective memory reference time?(Assume finding a page table reference in a TLB takes zero time if it is there)

QUESTION 2

Many CPU scheduling algorithms are parameterized. For example, the RR algorithm requires a parameter to indicate the time slice. Multilevel feedback queues require parameters to define the number of queues, the scheduling algorithms for each queue, the criteria used to move processes between queues, and so on

These algorithms are thus really sets of algorithms (for example, the set of RR algorithms for all time slices, and so on). One set of algorithms may include another(for example, the FCFS algorithm is the RR algorithm with an infinite time quantum). What (if any) relation holds between the following pairs of sets of algorithms?

(a) Priority and SJF

(b) Multilevel feedback queues and FCFS

(c) Priority and FCFS

(d) RR and SJF

Explain the differences in the degree to which the following scheduling algorithms discriminate in favor of short processes-

(e) FCFS

(f) RR

(g) Multilevel feedback queues

QUESTION 3

Consider a demand-paged computer system where the degree of multiprogramming is currently fixed at four. The system was recently measured to determine utilization of CPU and the paging disk. The results are one of the following alternatives. For each case below, what is happening? Can the degree of multiprogramming be increased to increase the CPU utilization? Is the paging helping?

(a) CPU utilization 13%; disk utilization 97%

(b) CPU utilization 87%; disk utilization 3%

(c) CPU utilization 13%; disk utilization 3%

QUESTION 2

Identify an outdoor recreation event/activity of particular significance to you and discuss the following-

a) The personal benefits that you derive when participating in that activity

b) The costs incurred when participating in the outdoor recreation activity

QUESTION 3

You are the manager of a local outdoor recreation provider. In this context, discuss ways to improve outdoor recreational opportunities for people with physical disabilities

QUESTION 4

Identify a local outdoor recreation site and in relation to this site-

a) Discuss the effectiveness of management practices in providing maximum satisfaction to the recreationists

b) Explain the interventions required by management in order to increase the benefits provided by this site

QUESTION 5

a) Elaborate on the importance of Nash's pyramid of leisure in categorising and analysing various outdoor recreation activities

b) Using Maslow's hierarchy of needs, explain the benefits derived from outdoor recreation activities