Answer the following problems.

problem 1) What do you mean by a packet, what do packets through, and what are the main types of packet switches?

problem 2) prepare down difference between packet switching and circuit switching?

problem 3) describe the causes of delay in a computer network?

problem 4)a) Draw the five-layer Internet protocol stack and describe in one sentence (for each layer) the services that each layer provides.

b) Draw a packet (i.e., show the headers and trailers) that would result from this five-layer model. Make sure to show all header and trailers that could be present (even if you know that they are not present in a “real” Internet packet).

c) The OSI Reference Model has two additional layers. Where are these layers in the stack and what services do they provide?

d) What is the historical root (or motivator) for the OSI Reference Model?

problem 5) Answer the following problems about standards:

a) WiFi is a standard, so is Ethernet. Recognize the name of standard for each of these communications protocols.

b) How does one become of member of IETF?

c) Who can contribute to Internet standards?