Problem 1. n vehicles occupy squares (1, 1) through (n, 1) (i.e., the bottom row) of an n × n grid. The vehicles must be moved to the top row but in reverse order; so the vehicle i that starts in (i, 1) must end up in (n - i + 1, n). On each time step, every one of the n vehicles can move one square up, down, left, or right, or stay put; but if a vehicle stays put, one other adjacent vehicle (but not more than one) can hop over it. Two vehicles cannot occupy the same square.

a. Determine the size of the state space as a function of n.

b. Determine the branching factor as a function of n.

c. Consider that vehicle i is at (xi, yi); write a nontrivial admissible heuristic hi for the number of moves it will need to get to its goal location (n - i + 1, n), considering no other vehicles are on the grid. Give a formula for hi in terms of xi, yi, and n.

d. Which of the following heuristics are admissible for the problem of moving all n vehicles to their destinations?Illustrate.

Problem 2. Expalin the search algorithm that results from each of the following special cases. How does it relate to other algorithms we have discussed.

a. Local beam search with k = 1.

b. Local beam search with one initial state and no limit on the number of states retained.

c. Simulated annealing with T = 0 at all times (and omitting the termination test).

d. Simulated annealing with T = ∞ at all times.

e. Genetic algorithm with population size N = 1.