Answer the following problems.

problem 1) Define the terms:

i) Composition of nutrient medium.

ii) Organogenesis.

iii) Secondary metabolites.

iv) Synthetic seeds.

v) cDNA libraries.

vi) Dot blot technique.

vii) RFLP.

viii) Plants as bioreactors.

problem 2) Give the account of use of cell cultures in isolation and selection of mutants for biotic and abiotic stress.

problem 3) What is meristem culture? Give details of different types of meristem culture and their applications.

problem 4) Differentiate between somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis.

problem 5) describe protoplast culture technique in detail and its applications.

problem 6) What is rDNA technology? Give different steps involved in production of rDNA molecules.

problem 7) Give details of screening procedures to identify recombinants.

problem 8) describe the role of biotechnology in agriculture.