1. Which of the following is true about viruses?
a) Viruses need the host cell's machinery to replicate before they can synthesize their own proteins
b) Viruses use the host cell's machinery to make more copies of themselves and to make viral proteins
c) Viruses manufacture their own ATP and carbon-containing compounds like proteins and nucleic acids in order to survive
d) Viruses use their own protein-synthesizing machinery to make more viral proteins that are used to assemble progeny viruses
e) Viruses cannot synthesize high energy molecules without the host cell's machinery but can metabolize them to produce ATP
2. Viruses use the host cell machinery to replicate. However, some viruses replicate their genomes by a mechanism that host cell cannot support. How can these types of viruses infect and replicate in their host, when the host cell cannot perform a particular role that the virus requires?
a) The virus causes mutations in the human cells, resulting in the formation of new enzymes that are capable of performing these roles.
b) The virus infects only those cells and species that can perform all the necessary replication roles.
c) Viruses can stay in a quiescent state until the host cell evolves this ability.
d) All of the above have been frequently observed.
e) Viral genomes can encode the specialized enzymes that the host does not have.
3. You would like to determine the number of ribosomes/?m2 in a newly discovered bacterium. The ribosomes of this particular bacterium are separated in space from each other by approximately 3.0 angstroms. Will you be able to accurately count the ribosomes using microscopy (either light or electron microscopy)?
a) yes
b) no