problem 1: Throw light on the principle and applications of phase contrast microscope.

problem 2: Describe the various kinds of media and maintenance of cultures.

problem 3: prepare an account on carbon metabolism.

problem 4: Describe about the various phases of growth curve.

problem 5: Describe antigen-antibody reactions.

problem 6: Highlight the applications of serology.

problem 7: Throw light on the principle and applications of simple and compound microscope.

problem 8: Describe the principle and techniques of sterilization.

problem 9: describe the different methods of isolation and identification of micro organisms.

problem 10: Give the significance of micro organisms in the industrial processes and agriculture.

problem 11: prepare brief notes on:

a) Louis Pasteur.
b) Robert Koch.
c) Alexander Fleming.
d) Actinomycetes.
e) Algae.
f) Viruses.
g) Autotrophic.
h) Heterotrophic.
i) Chemolithotrophic.
j) Generation time.