Thermogenin is a protein found in certain mammalian fat cells. Rather than producing ATP, thermogenin uses the energy of the proton gradient to produce heat to keep the mammal warm. How does thermogenin use the proton gradient in the electron transport chain?
ATP synthase has two functional domains, F0 and F1. Describe these two domains in term of its structures and functions? Why are they necessary for ATP synthesis? What would happen if one of the domains is defective?
How can a cell keep product concentration low in order to drive a unfavorable reaction forward?
Why alcohol can decrease blood glucose level. You need to include important chemical reactions and equations in your explanation.