The ultimate analysis of a No.4 fuel oil is 86.47 wt% carbons. 11.65% hydrogen, 1.35% sulfur, and the balance noncombustible inerts this oil is burned in a steam-generating furnace with 15% excess air. The air is preheated to 175°C and enters the furnace at a gauge pressure of 180 mm Hg. The sulfur and hydrogen in the fuel are completely oxidized to SO2 and H2O: 5% of the carbon is oxidized to CO. and the balance forms CO2.

(a) Calculate the feed ratio (m3 air) / (kg oil).

(b) Calculate the mole fractions (dry basis) and the ppm (parts per million on a wet basis, or moles contained in 106 moles of the wet stack gas) of the stack gas species that might be considered environmental hazards.