Question 1
Which of the following is NOT an effect of cortisol on the body?
It slows down the production of new glucose so the system doesn't become clogged up with unusable energy
It makes cells less responsive to insulin so more glucose remains available for use
It promotes the breakdown of fats to use for energy
All of the above are effects of cortisol

Question 2
Which of the following is NOT a valid criticism of the food pyramid?
It recommends a large number of carbohydrate servings per day without emphasizing the importance of focusing on unrefined carbohydrates
It recommends 2-3 servings of dairy products per day, even though we now consider dairy products to not be an essential part of the diet
It recommends the intake of healthy fats but does not specify which foods contain such healthy fats
These are all valid criticisms of the food pyramid

Question 3
Amber is overweight and has a family history of type 2 diabetes. Because of this, her doctor recommends she begin getting blood tests to screen for diabetes yearly. The screening tests are what type of prevention?
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Quaternary

Question 3
According to the article "Sussing Out Stress," many depressed patients have blood cortisol levels that are ___________ the rest of the population.
lower than
higher than
about equivalent to

Question 4
One evolutionary explanation we discussed for why a tendency to store a large amount of energy as fat may have been adaptive suggests that:
Excess fat storage that led to obesity may have increased mortality in ancient human populations, leaving behind individuals who were more physically fit
Excess fat storage may have increased the likelihood of diseases like type 2 diabetes occurring in ancient populations, causing some to have to change to healthier diets to manage symptoms of the disease
Excess fat storage may have been a preferred trait in sexual selection
Excess fat storage may have allowed individuals to create energy reserves that could be drawn upon in times of famine

Question 5
The term "metabolic syndrome" refers to:
a disorder that causes a lower basal metabolic rate and often leads to weight gain
a group of characteristics like high blood glucose and being overweight that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and other health problems
a disorder where food is not properly metabolized, causing nutrient absorption to be inefficient and diseases of nutrient deficiency to be more common
a condition where the metabolism of certain foods is linked to psychiatric conditions like depression and anxiety

Question 6
Research consistently supports taking a multivitamin daily as a way to improve general health and increase longevity across all age groups.
True
False

Question 7
Addie has been smoking for 10 years. She has started to develop a persistent hacking cough. She does not, however, see any problem with her smoking and has no desire to quit. She is in what stage of the transtheoretical model?
Precontemplation
Contemplation
Preparation
Action

Question 8
Attempts to promote free screening programs for tuberculosis in the 1950s largely failed because individuals did not believe tuberculosis posed a large threat to them. The fact that this affected their decision to get screened is best explained by which theory of health behavior?
Health belief model
Theory of planned behavior
Transtheoretical model

Question 9
The "toxin removal" hypothesis of sleep suggests that:
During REM sleep, heart rate decreases to allow blood-borne proteins more time to extract waste products from tissues
Activity in the liver increases during sleep in an attempt to remove excess toxins from the blood
Cerebrospinal fluid flow increases during sleep and in the process it carries waste products away from the brain
The reduced activity that occurs during sleep gives the body time to restore levels of proteins and other substances that have been depleted during the day

Question 10
Judy drank a cup of coffee this morning; caffeine has a half-life of around 5 hours. This means that:
In 5 hours, Judy will only feel half as tired as she did before she drank the coffee
In 5 hours, none of the caffeine Judy consumed will be having any effect on her
In 5 hours, half of the caffeine Judy consumed will no longer be having any effect on her
In 5 hours, there will not have been any change yet in the amount of caffeine still having an effect on Judy