QUESTION 1

Because the shared electrons between hydrogen and oxygen spend more time orbiting the oxygen than the hydrogen, water is

A. a charged molecule.
B. a neutral molecule.
C. a nonpolar molecule.
D. a polar molecule.

QUESTION 2

In photosynthesis, the light-dependent reactions

A. produce ADP and carbon dioxide.
B. lead to carbon fixation.
C. produce ATP and energy stored in electron carriers.
D. are uncoupled from the light-independent reactions.
E. can take place day or night.

QUESTION 3

Because of the atomic structure of carbon, it tends to form

A. bonds only with hydrogen.
B. ionic bonds.
C. hydrogen bonds.
D. covalent bonds.
E. sulfide bonds.

QUESTION 4

The most common energy-carrying molecule in the cell is

A. ATP.
B. AMP.
C. adenine.
D. DNA.
E. ADP.

QUESTION 5

A hummingbird is "drinking" nectar containing sugar from a red columbine flower. Arrange the following events to occur in the hummingbird in order from the first to last:

Glucose sugar is converted to pyruvate.
Energy from high-energy electrons is released from an electron transport chain. This energy is used to make ATP.
The hummingbird exhales carbon dioxide and energy is stored in electron carriers.
The hummingbird has the ability to beat its wings 40 - 80 times a second.

A. 2, 1, 3, 4
B. 2, 3, 4, 1
C. 1, 3, 2, 4
D. 1, 2, 3, 4
E. 1, 4, 3, 2

QUESTION 6

With few exceptions, organic compounds are those that contain

A. carbon.
B. nitrogen.
C. ocygen.
D. all of the above.
E. hydrogen.

QUESTION 7

What method is often used by cells to move large solid material into the cell?

A. phagocytosis.
B. simple diffusion.
C. exocytosis.
D. active transport.
E. facilitated diffusion.

  QUESTION 8

In a cell,

A. there are many more energy-absorbing reactions than energy-releasing reactions.
B. energy-absorbing reactions and energy-releasing reactions are unlinked.
C. energy-absorbing reactions are coupled to energy-releasing reactions via electron carriers.
D. more energy is used up than is produced.
E. energy-releasing reactions are coupled to energy-absorbing reactions.

QUESTION 9

The atomic nucleus consists of

A. neutrons and protons.
B. neutrons only.
C. neutrons and electrons.
D. protons and electrons
E. protons only.

QUESTION 10

Surface tension of water is due to

A. water molecules repelling each other.
B. the ability of water to act as a solvent.
C. ionization of water.
D. ionic bonding.
E. hydrogen bonding.

QUESTION 11

The role of oxygen in cellular respiration is to
A. combine with carbon atoms to form carbon dioxide.
B. allow glycolysis to continue.
C. supply an energy molecule.
D. act as the final electron acceptor.
E. aid in the transport of pyruvate into the mitochondria.

QUESTION 12

This element is prominent in both living organisms and in the Earth's surface.

A. aluminum
B. hydrogen
C. oxygen
D. silicon
E. carbon

QUESTION 13

During the Calvin-Benson cycle (carbon-fixing reactions), in the red Columbine plant, high-energy electrons are transferred into a newly made 3-carbon compound. Eventually, these electrons will end up as part of glucose molecules. What was the original source of these electrons in photosynthesis?

A. carbon dioxide.
B. glucose
C. water
D. oxygen
E. ATP

QUESTION 14

Most cells are small. When they reach a certain size, cells typically divide. This has to do with the

A. inability to produce more components of the cell membrane.
B. surface-to-volume ratio.
C. fact that they cannot possess sufficient numbers of organelles for normal cell functioning.
D. amount of genetic material.
E. differences between viral particles and eukaryotic cells.

QUESTION 15

Rank the following chemical bonds from weakest to strongest:

A. ionic, covalent, hydrogen
B. ionic, hydrogen, covalent
C. hydrogen, ionic, covalent
D. hydrogen, covalent, ionic
E. covalent, ionic, hydrogen

QUESTION 16

The internal pH of most cells is near neutral. This allows

A. the buffers produced within the body to affect these cells.
B. water to break down into H+ and OH-.
C. enzymes outside of these cells to function.
D. rapid fluctuations between acidic and basic conditions within the cells.
E. enzymes within the cell to act at peak efficiency.

QUESTION 17

As one form of energy is converted into another, there is always some energy lost as
A. chemical energy.
B. activation energy.
C. heat.
D. kinetic energy.
E. light.

QUESTION 18

A stone is pushed from the top of a hill. Halfway to the bottom of the hill, this rolling stone

A. has kinetic energy only.
B. has both potential energy and kinetic energy.
C. is constantly gaining more energy.
D. has potential energy only.
E. is using up chemical energy.

QUESTION 19

The majority of ATP produced in cellular respiration is produced during

A. anaerobic processes.
B. the Krebs cycle.
C. the electron transport chain.
D. fermentation.
E. glycolysis.

QUESTION 20

All enzymes act by

A. raising the activation energy of specific chemical reactions.
B. breaking hydrogen bonds between molecules.
C. breaking and forming ionic bonds between ions.
D. lowering the activation energy of specific chemical reactions.
E. allowing products to be changed during the chemical reactions.