Question 1: Approximately how much energy is passed from one trophic level to be stored as growth in the bodies of organisms at the next level?
50%
10%
90%
20%
Question 2: Elements important to life are cycled through living things, air, soil, and water, but they do not take form as rocks.
False
True
Question 3: In the diagram below, which organism is a producer?
Clover
Aphid
Ladybug
Toad
All of them
Question 4: What is the currently accepted scientific explanation for anthropogenic global climate change?
The hole in the ozone layer lets in too much sunlight, warming the earth.
Heat escapes from engines, forest fires, machinery, power plants, etc.
Human activities raise greenhouse gas levels and strengthen the greenhouse effect.
Question 5: Starting in the 1950s, populations of Atlantic cod were heavily fished by highly efficient commercial trawlers. Catches started to decline in the 1970s and by 1990 several of the fisheries were completely depleted. Was the cod population a renewable resource when fished at that level?
No, because growth and reproduction of the fish couldn't keep up with the harvest.
Yes; plant and animal populations are always renewable resources.
Question 6: In southern Florida, pet Burmese pythons have escaped and established a population that now numbers in the thousands. In the Florida Everglades biologists report that midsized mammal prey (raccoons, opossum, bobcat, and deer) have declined by over 90% since the python became established. This describes a threat from...
habitat loss
pollution
introduced species
overharvesting
Question 7: Which actions could be taken to help increase a population of an endangered species? Select all that apply.
Breed individuals in captivity and release their offspring to suitable habitats.
Protect the species against hunting, fishing, or gathering.
Introduce predators that kill and eat the species, thereby preventing overpopulation.
Introduce insects that pollinate an endangered plant, increasing its rate of seed production.
Use contraceptive darts to reduce the birth rate so the population stays at its carrying capacity.
Question 8: How have human activities influenced the nitrogen and/or phosphorus cycles?
Human activities have reduced the nitrogen and phosphorus available to plants and algae.
Human activities have increased the level of phosphorus in the earth's atmosphere.
Human activities have increased the nitrogen and phosphorus available to plants and algae.
Human activities have led to storage of more nitrogen in the earth's crust.
Humans have not affected these cycles.
Question 9: Which of these are limiting factors? Select all that apply.
Food availability
Fire
Disease
Availability of nesting sites
None of these choices
Question 10: Which of the following is abiotic?
Plants
Fungi
Rocks
All of these are abiotic
Question 11: The greenhouse effect is the recent and ongoing shift toward warmer temperatures and other climate disruptions caused by human alteration of Earth's atmosphere.
True
False
Question 12: Which human activity has the major effect of increasing carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere?
Burning fossil fuels
Fertilizer use
Damming rivers
Sewage disposal
Pumping groundwater
Question 13: In the course of its biogeochemical cycling, lots of things can happen to a nitrogen atom. Which of the options below accurately describes what cannot happen to it?
It will never become part of the air.
It will never be destroyed or converted to another element.
It will never be mixed into water or become part of the ocean.
It will never become incorporated into the protein molecules of a living organism.
Question 14: A(n) _____________ consists of members of a single species that live in a specific geographic region.
family
population
ecosystem
community
Question 15: Which two activities are the main human activities that have led to increased levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2)?
Burning fossil fuels and clearing forests
Livestock production and rice paddy agriculture
Breathing and decomposition
Fertilizer use and natural gas extraction.