QUESTION 1: All of the following are parts of a flower except the
A. carpel.
B. ovary.
C. fruit.
D. stamen.
E. cuticle.

QUESTION 2: The segmented worms of the phylum Annelida
A. have an open circulatory system.
B. possess setae on each segment.
C. are acoelomate.
D. display radial symmetry.
E. move by use of flagella.

QUESTION 3: In bryophytes, the rhizoids
A. obtain nutrients.
B. are involved in reproduction.
C. obtain water.
D. lure possible prey.
E. serve as attachment structures.

QUESTION 4: Which of the following is not a characteristic differentiating Neanderthals from modern humans?
A. Neanderthals had smaller brains.
B. Neanderthals had larger noses.
C. Neanderthals had projecting brow ridges.
D. Neanderthals were shorter.
E. Neanderthals were stronger.

QUESTION 5: Fungi exhibit certain characteristics. One of these characteristics is that they
A. are capable of carrying on photosynthesis.
B. lack cell nuclei.
C. reproduce using seeds and pollen.
D. reproduce using spores.
E. are prokaryotes.

QUESTION 6: In plants, the secondary metabolites are primarily responsible for
A. food gathering.
B. nutrition.
C. defense.
D. protection against ultraviolet radiation.
E. overcoming air pollutants.

QUESTION 7: In cnidarians, nematocysts are important in
A. obtaining oxygen from the water.
B. obtaining prey.
C. movement.
D. excretion of wastes.
E. food digestion.

QUESTION 8: Cnidarians and ctenophores are similar in that they both have
A. a pseudocoel.
B. a digestive tract with two openings.
C. radial symmetry.
D. mesoderm.
E. nematocysts.

QUESTION 9: All members of the phylum Chordata share
A. exoskeletons.
B. gills present throughout their lives.
C. tails present throughout their lives.
D. a vertebral column.
E. a notochord present sometime in their lives.

QUESTION 10: It is generally thought that animals have undergone four major physiological and anatomical innovations during their evolution. These are (in no particular order)
A. development of tissues, photosynthesis, bilateral symmetry, multicellularity.
B. development of the versatile forelimb, multicellularity, origin of patterns of embryonic development, development of tissues.
C. multicellularity, bilateral symmetry, origin of patterns of embryonic development, development of tissues.
D. bilateral symmetry, development of tissues, origin of the multichambered heart, origin of patterns of embryonic development.
E. origin of patterns of embryonic development, development of the versatile forelimb, origin of the multichambered heart, multicellularity.

QUESTION 11: Mammals have two traits that set them apart from all other animals. These are
A. body hair or fur, and being homeothermic.
B. four-chambered heart and milk production.
C. amniotic eggs and milk production.
D. body hair or fur, and milk production.
E. four-chambered heart and body hair or fur.

QUESTION 12: Which of the following characteristics is not shared by typical birds and mammals?
A. four limbs
B. insulating skin structures
C. milk production
D. four-chambered heart
E. endothermy

QUESTION 13: Lichens are
A. symbiotic associations between a fungus and an alga.
B. capable of causing some obscure diseases.
C. only found growing on living matter.
D. insensitive to changes in the environment.
E. parasitic interactions between a fungus and an alga.

QUESTION 14: It is generally thought that four critical innovations arose during the evolution of our ape-like ancestors into humans. All of the following are innovations except
A. expansion of the human brain.
B. development of the opposable thumb.
C. toolmaking.
D. bipedalism.
E. use of brain power for abstract thought.

QUESTION 15: Which of the following are adaptations to land of both gymnosperms and angiosperms but are lacking in ferns and mosses?
A. spores
B. roots, stems, and leaves
C. fruits and flowers
D. vascular system
E. pollen and seeds

QUESTION 16: Which of the following adaptations to life on land is found in both insects and modern reptiles?
A. body surfaces that resist evaporation
B. metamorphosis from a larval form
C. two pairs of walking legs
D. tracheae to distribute oxygen
E. ability to fly

QUESTION 17: In general, mammals are not good at dispersing chili plant seeds because
A. chili seeds are dispersed mainly by the wind.
B. the mammals do not travel very far before they release the chili seeds.
C. the chili seeds do not stick to the mammals' fur.
D. the seeds die as they pass through the digestive tract.
E. the mammals are the main pollinators for the chili plant.

QUESTION 18: Plants have adapted to dry land by evolving all of the following except
A. tissues to conduct water through the plant.
B. structures to protect reproductive cells and embryos.
C. association with mycorrhizae to improve mineral uptake.
D. forms of chlorophyll more efficient at capturing light.
E. secreting a waxy coating to prevent water loss.

QUESTION 19: This characteristic allows fungi to withstand heat and drought conditions.
A. specialized organelles
B. hyphae
C. cell walls
D. spores
E. mycelia

QUESTION 20: Green algae such as Ulva demonstrate an alteration of generations. The diploid phase is called the
A. gametophyte generation.
B. zygote.
C. diploid generation.
D. sporophyte generation.
E. embryo.