Question 1: All known human cancers have been demonstrated to be caused by viruses

Answer

 True

 False

Question 2: Match the following cancers with the virus that has been demonstrated to cause the malignancy.

Answer                                                              

Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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Cervical Carcinoma

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Burkitt's Lymphoma

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Kaposi's Sarcoma

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Adult T-cell Leukemia

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Answer

A. Human Papilloma Virus

B. Hepatitis C Virus

C. HTLV-1

D. Epstein Barr Virus

E. Human Herpes Virus 8

Question 3: You have been asked to design a virus that causes cancer in humans. Which of the following cellular functions would this virus have to possess to cause a tumor (select all that apply)?

Answer 

A. Promote entry into cell cycle 

B. Inhibit Tissue Specific Cell Adhesion 

C. Inhibit activity of cellular telomerase 

D. Inhibit Apoptosis 

E. Promote cell cycle arrest 

F. Enhance apoptosis 

G. Enhance activity of cellular telomerase

Question 4: To cause cancer, a virus must possess an oncogene

Answer

  True

  False

Question 5: The Large T Antigen of the SV40 virus transforms cells by which mechanism below (select one)?

Answer 

A. Causes release of E2F by interfering with E2F/Retinoblastoma interaction 

B. Enhances affinity of E2F for Retinoblastoma protein 

C. Activation of src kinase 

D. Induces severe inflammation and tissue damage 

E. Mimics normal cellular growth factor

Question 6: Which of the following are mechanisms a virus could utilize to transform cells and induce a tumor (select all that apply)?

Answer 

A. Viral protein stimulates phosphorylation of Retinoblastoma protein 

B. Viral protein prolongs half-life of cellular p53 protein 

C. Virus produces a constitutively active growth factor receptor 

D. Virus integrates within and inactivates src kinase 

E. Virus contains a mutant form of cellular src.

Question 7: The Human Papilloma Virus E6 protein promotes tumor formation by which of the following mechanisms (select one)?

Answer 

A. Stablizes cellular p53 protein 

B. Induces chronic inflammation 

C. Promotes Ubiquitination of p53 

D. Mimics cellular growth factor 

E. Dephosphorylates cellular src

Question 8: A non-transducing retrovirus induces tumor formation by (select one)?

Answer 

A. Activates expression of tumor supressor gene 

B. Represses activation of cellular proto-oncogene

C. Virus integrates near proto-oncogene and increases its expression 

D. Virus carries an ocogene that enhances cellular signaling 

E. Activating apoptosis

Question 9:  

Explain in 5-6 sentences why many viruses that cause cancer establish a latent infection in their human host.