Q1. In the early 1800s, scientists who studied living things were no longer called "naturalists" and became more like modern-day "biologists." What was the key factor that determined this change?

Q2. While a cell is metabolizing in the absence of oxygen and it is then exposed to an environment containing oxygen, a series of oxidation reduction reactions is initiated, which enables cell to increase its activities.

(a) Outline the oxidation reduction reactions that are initiated under these conditions and indicate the point at which molecular oxygen interacts with oxidative system.

(b) Describe how the cell derives additional energy by switching from non oxidative to oxidative metabolism.