1) prepare the expression for the refractive index and numerical aperture in graded index fibers.

2) Why do we prefer the step index single mode fiber for the long distance communication?

3) A step index fiber has the normalized frequency V = 26.6 at 1300 nm wavelength. If core radius is 25 micrometer, determine the numerical aperture.

4) describe the fundamental parameter of the single mode fiber?

5) Develop the 3 key transition processes included in the Laser action.

6) Determine the emitted wavelength from an optical source having x=0.07.

7) Specify the system requirements essential in analyzing the point-to-point link.

8) describe the system elements of the system rise time?

9) Provide the classification of the pre amplifiers?

10)  Describe the quantum limit.