Perform basic fluid system calculations involving pressure, flow, height, and head loss.

1. A tank having the dimensions of 20 feet x20 feet x 20 feet is filled with water. A centrifugal pump is situated 2 feet below the bottom of the tank. The pump 30 gallons per minute (gpm). Calculate how long it will take the pump to drain the tank (stopping at the bottom of the tank). In addition, calculate the initial and final pressure at the pump suction due to the fluid height.

2. If the same pump is pumping into a 2-inch diameter (an inside diameter for the purpose of this problem), what is the velocity in feet per second of the discharge water? Calculate the velocity for a ½" line also.

3. A 14 foot tall cylindrical tank with a 16 foot diameter is 120 feet above its lowest fixture to which it supplies potable water. The tank normally ranges between the 12 foot level and the 2 foot level.
Calculate the pressure seen at the lowest fixture from this variation in the tank water level.

4. Nitrogen charged pressure tank is cylindrical in shape. The tank is 6 feet in height and has a 2 foot diameter. When the water level in the tank is 5 feet, the pressure in 75 psig. Calculate the pressure in the tank if the water level is drained to the 4 foot level.

5. If the tank described in scenario 4 were to be filled to the 3 foot level at 75 psig, how much water could be drained (in gallons) before the same pressure is reached as was found in the previous problem? How much water (in gallons) was drained in scenario 4? Explain the difference.

6. One hundred gallons of fuild is flowing per minute through a 16 inch diameter pipe (an internal diameter for the purpose of this calculation). The fuild flow through a concentric reducer to a 6 inch diameter pipe. Find the gpm and velocity in feet per second in the 6 inch diameter pipe.