Part A -

1. How has the production of ethanol based fuels affected food and gasoline prices and food and gasoline scarcity?

2. Describe the three strategies: Michael Porter's Generic Strategies, Kim and Mauborgne's Blue Ocean Strategy, and Clayton Christiansen's Disruptive Innovation. What are the benefits and drawbacks for each strategy?

3. Acknowledging that heating, cooling, lighting, and operating buildings is one of our biggest uses of energy and resources, architects are starting to get on board the green bandwagon. One famous "green building" is the Gap corporate office headquarters in San Bruno, California. The office features some excellent tools of green design including a roof covered with native grasses (which provides insulation and reduces runoff), natural lighting, an open design, a landscaped atrium for each office bay, and careful consideration of its surroundings. The pleasant, green environment of Gap, Inc. has been attributed to improved employee effectiveness and retention. Class, while the designs of Gap, Inc. may seem a little extreme what might be some green design techniques that the average homeowner could apply?

4. Describe embedded sustainability and discuss how it can provide strategic positioning for sustainability driven companies.

Part B -

Exercise 1 - Businesspeople and consumers are increasingly aware of the unsustainability of producing the goods we use every day. Recently, a number of business innovators have tried to develop green businesses, which produce environmentally and socially sound products. Environmentally conscious or "green" companies" include the Body Shop, Patagonia, and Aveda. Discuss the green strategies of these companies and list three addition "green companies".

Exercise 2 - What would be the consequences, both environmentally and economically, if the Greenland ice sheet and the West Antarctic ice sheet were to melt entirely? What type of plan would you develop for climate refugees?

Part C -

1. Define the terms energy, kinetic energy, and potential energy.

2. Explain the first and second laws of thermodynamics.

3. Describe how the conversion of energy from plant consumed by animal leads to increased entropy.

4. What are the two categories of metabolism (based on energy requirements), give an example of where they occur at a cellular level.

5. Define oxidation and reduction and explain why those reactions are always linked.

6. Explain how ATP powers cellular work and how ATP is recycled.

7. Explain why enzymes are needed in living organisms.

8. Define and distinguish between the following pairs of terms: diffusion versus osmosis, passive transport vs. active transport, and hypertonic versus hypotonic.

9. Certain chemicals, when mixed together, can absorb or release energy as heat. These can be packaged as instant hot packs to keep warm, or instant cold packs to treat injuries, based on how the reaction proceeds when the packs are activated. Define endergonic and exergonic reactions, and relate these reactions to each of these chemical packs.

Part D -

10. Define and compare autotrophs and heterotrophs.

11. Write and describe the overall equation for photosynthesis.

12. Compare the functions of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids.

13. Indicate where chlorophyll molecules are located and explain how carbon dioxide and oxygen move in and out of leaves.

14. Explain how energy is transferred through photosystem II and I.

15. Compare the reactants and products of the light reactions and the Carbon reactions.

16. How does photosynthesis help offset increasing levels of CO2 in the atmosphere? Does harvesting a large stand of trees increase or decrease the amount of CO2 accumulation in the atmosphere?

Part E -

17. Explain how the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration are complementary to each other.

18. Write and explain the overall equation for cellular respiration.

19. Briefly summarize the steps of aerobic cell respiration, beginning with glycolysis going through the Krebs cycle and ending with ATP synthesis in the mitochondria. Be sure to note the roles of electron carriers such as NAD+ and the proton gradient generated in the mitochondria.

20. What will your cells synthesize if more than enough ATP is currently being produced?

21. Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and nucleic acids can all contribute to cell respiration through the various metabolic pathways in a cell. Which of these biomolecules is the most efficient at energy production? Explain your answer.

22. How does anaerobic respiration differ from aerobic respiration?

23. Describe what lactic acid fermentation is, and compare the amount of energy produced during formation to the ATP yield of aerobic respiration.

24. Give an example of how yeast fermentation is used in the food industry.

25. Some antibacterial cleansers work by creating holes in the plasma membrane of the bacterial cells. How does this hinder the production of ATP? And why would this kill the cell?

Attachment:- Assignment Files.rar