Part 1- Heat

1. The _______ is used to express absolute temperatures in the English system of measurement.
A. Rankine scale
B. Celsius scale
C. Kelvin scale
D. Fahrenheit scale

2. A silver bar 0.125 meter long is subjected to a temperature change from 200°C to 100°C. What will be the length of the bar after the emperature change?
A. 0.0000189 meter
B. 0.00023635 meter
C. 0.00002363 meter
D. 0.124764 meter

3. The density of water is the greatest at a temperature of
A. 277 K.
B. 273 K.
C. 0 K.
D. 4 K.

4. The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of a material one degree is
A. a Joule.
B. a Btu.
C. absolute zero.
D. its heat capacity.

5. Which of the following cools the air in a household refrigerator?
A. Absorption of the heat from the air due to evaporation of the liquid refrigerant
B. Reduction of the air temperature due to condensation of the gaseous refrigerant
C. The transfer of heat from the air to the compressor due to expansion of the gaseous refrigerant
D. The transfer of heat to the evaporator due to compression of the liquid refrigerant

6. Within an internal combustion engine, the can-shaped component that moves up and down the cylinder and is the main moving part in the engine is the
A. connecting rod.
B. piston.
C. spark plug.
D. crankshaft.

7. A temperature of 200°F is equivalent to approximately
A. 840°C.
B. 232°C.
C. 93.3°C.
D. 37.8°C.

8. The process in which a substance changes from a gaseous state to the liquid state is
A. evaporation.
B. critical temperature.
C. absolute zero.
D. condensation.

9. 20 cubic inches of a gas with an absolute pressure of 5 psi is compressed until its pressure reaches 10psi. What is the new volume of the gas? (Assume that there's no change in temperature.)
A. 10 cubic inches
B. 100 cubic inches
C. 40 cubic inches
D. 5 cubic inches

10. A quantity of gas has a volume of 0.20 cubic meter and an absolute temperature of 333 degrees kelvin. When the temperature of the gas is raised to 533 degrees kelvin, what is the new volume of the gas? (Assume that there's no change in pressure.)
A. 0.2146 m³
B. 0.3198 m³
C. 0.2333 m³
D. 0.0006 m³

11. Which of the following statements correctly describes the position of the intake and exhaust valves during most of the power stage in a four-cycle gas engine?
A. The intake valve is open and the exhaust valve is closed.
B. The intake valve is closed and the exhaust valve is open.
C. Both the intake valve and the exhaust valve are open.
D. Both the intake valve and the exhaust valve are closed.

12. How much heat is required to convert 0.3 kilogram of ice at 0°C to water at the same temperature?
A. 450,759 J
B. 100,375 J
C. 334,584 J
D. 167,292 J

13. What is the value of the temperature 15 degrees Celsius in degrees Kelvin?
A. 258 degrees
B. 455 degrees
C. 288 degrees
D. 475 degrees

14. Liquid alcohol will change to vapor when its temperature reaches the
A. melting point.
B. fusing point.
C. boiling point.
D. freezing point.

15. When the molecules in a body move with increased speed, it's possible that the body will change from a
A. gas to a solid.
B. liquid to a solid.
C. gas to a liquid.
D. liquid to a gas.

16. If the absolute pressure of a gas is 550.280 kPa, its gage pressure is
A. 651.605 kPa.
B. 277.280 kPa.
C. 101.325 kPa.
D. 448.955 kPa.

17. A temperature of 273 K is the temperature at which water
A. evaporates.
B. boils.
C. lacks any moving molecules.
D. freezes.

18. A quantity of a gas has an absolute pressure of 400 kPa and an absolute temperature of 110 degrees
kelvin. When the temperature of the gas is raised to 235 degrees kelvin, what is the new pressure of the
gas? (Assume that there's no change in volume.)
A. 854.46 kPa
B. 510 kPa
C. 1.702 kPa
D. 3.636 kPa

19. Which one of the following temperatures is equal to 5°C?
A. 278 K
B. 41 K
C. 465 K
D. 0 K

20. One degree Celsius indicates the same temperature change as
A. 5/9 degree Fahrenheit.
B. one kelvin.
C. 9/5 kelvin.
D. one degree Fahrenheit.

21. The waste products of combustion leave the internal combustion engine through the
A. cylinder.
B. exhaust valve.
C. crankshaft.
D. intake valve.

22. During the stage of internal combustion engine operation in which the piston rises and compresses the
fuel in the combustion chamber,
A. the intake valve is open and the exhaust valve is closed.
B. the exhaust valve is open and the intake valve is closed.
C. both the intake and exhaust valves are open.
D. both the intake and exhaust valves are closed.

23. Which of the following takes place in the combustion chamber of a gas turbine engine?
A. Fuel oil is stored with sufficient pressure.
B. A mixture of fuel oil and compressed air is ignited.
C. Gases are cooled to a desired temperature.
D. Fuel oil is mixed with a proper portion of compressed air.

24. What is the temperature 32 degrees Fahrenheit in degrees Celsius?
A. 10 degrees Celsius
B. 20 degrees Celsius
C. -10 degrees Celsius
D. 0 degrees Celsius

25. What is the length of an aluminum rod at 65°C if its length at 15°C is 1.2 meters?
A. 0.00180 meter
B. 0.001386 meter
C. 1.201386 meters
D. 1.214855 meters

Part 2- Mechanics

1. A tank with a flat bottom is filled with water to a height of 4 meters. What is the pressure at any point at the bottom of the tank? (You can ignore atmospheric pressure when calculating your answer.)
A. 4.0 kPa
B. 39.2 kPa
C. 18.9 kPa
D. 9.8 kPa

2. When an automotive battery is fully charged, the sulfuric acid and water mixture will have a specific gravity of about
A. 0.15.
B. 2.5.
C. 1.3.
D. 1.0.

3. If a small-diameter open glass tube is partially immersed in a vessel containing mercury, the surface of the mercury inside the tube will be
A. lower than the mercury in the vessel, and shaped like the inside of a bowl.
B. higher than the mercury in the vessel, and shaped like the outside of an umbrella.
C. higher than the mercury in the vessel, and shaped like the inside of a bowl.
D. lower than the mercury in the vessel, and shaped like the outside of an umbrella.

4. According to Ptolemy's model of the movement of celestial bodies,
A. the earth rotates around the moon.
B. the earth rotates around the sun.
C. the sun is the center of the universe.
D. planets orbit in circular paths around the earth.

5. A stone falls from a ledge and takes 8 seconds to hit the ground. The stone has an original velocity of 0 m/s. How tall is the ledge?
A. 313.6 meters
B. 78.4 meters
C. 39.2 meters
D. 1,254.4 meters

6. A steel block has a volume of 0.08 m³ and a density of 7,840 kg/m³. What is the force of gravity acting on the block (the weight) in water?
A. 6,700.56 N
B. 7,600.18 N
C. 5,362.56 N
D. 6,150.64 N

7. A car with a mass of 1,200 kilograms is moving around a circular curve at a uniform velocity of 20 meters per second. The centripetal force on the car is 6,000 newtons. What is the radius of the curve?
A. 32 meters
B. 16 meters
C. 160 meters
D. 80 meters

8. An object has a mass of 120 kg on the moon. What is the force of gravity acting on the object on the moon?
A. 1,176 N
B. 12.24 N
C. 20 N
D. 196 N

9. A naturally occurring force related to two bodies in motion is _______ force.
A. gravitational
B. centrifugal
C. centripetal
D. frictional

10. If a stone with an original velocity of 0 is falling from a ledge and takes 8 seconds to hit the ground, what is the final velocity of the stone?
A. 39.2 m/s
B. 78.4 m/s
C. 156.8 m/s
D. 42.6 m/s

11. Steve and Carl are driving from Scranton to Bridgeport, a distance of 180 miles. If their speed averages 60 miles an hour, how long will it take them to get there?
A. 3.5 hours
B. 3 hours
C. 4 hours
D. 2.5 hours

12. What force is required to accelerate a body with a mass of 15 kilograms at a rate of 8 m/s²?
A. 120 N
B. 23 kg
C. 23 N
D. 1.875 kg

13. In which of the following units is acceleration expressed?
A. Kilograms
B. Newtons
C. Meters per second squared
D. Foot-pounds

14. The metric unit of force is the
A. gram.
B. newton.
C. nanometer.
D. kilogram.

15. The main difference between speed and velocity involves
A. direction.
B. gravity.
C. weight.
D. distance.

16. A car with a mass of 2,000 kilograms is moving around a circular curve at a uniform velocity of 25 meters per second. The curve has a radius of 80 meters. What is the centripetal force on the car?
A. 703 N
B. 20,250 N
C. 15,625 N
D. 625 N

17. A center-seeking force related to acceleration is _______ force.
A. centripetal
B. centrifugal
C. frictional
D. gravitational

18. What is the kinetic energy of an object that has a mass of 30 kilograms and moves with a velocity of 20 m/s?
A. 6,000 J
B. 5,880 J
C. 12,000 J
D. 2,940 J

19. If the velocity of an object changes from 65 m/s to 98 m/s during a time interval of 12 s, what is the acceleration of the object?
A. 13.58 m/s
B. 5.42 m/s
C. 33 m/s
D. 2.75 m/s

20. The ratio of output power to input power, in percent, is called
A. conductivity.
B. efficiency.
C. horsepower.
D. work.

21. The model of the universe that suggests that the sun is the center of the universe was first brought by
A. Brahe.
B. Kepler.
C. Ptolemy.
D. Copernicus.

22. The ability of a material to transfer heat or electric current is called
A. porosity.
B. insulation.
C. convection.
D. conductivity.

23. If an object has a mass of 20 kg, what is the force of gravity acting on it on earth?
A. 32.67 N
B. 1.96 kg
C. 2.04 kg
D. 196 N

24. If a gas has a gage pressure of 156 kPa, its absolute pressure is approximately
A. 256 kPa.
B. 56 kPa.
C. 100 kPa
D. 300 kPa.

25. Within the metric system all units are based on the number
A. 1000.
B. 10.
C. 1.
D. 100.

Part 3- Sound

1. The multiple reflection of a single sound wave is a/an
A. echo.
B. refraction.
C. diffraction.
D. reverberation.

2. A surface receiving sound is moved from its original position to a position three times farther away from the source of the sound. The intensity of the received sound thus becomes
A. nine times as high.
B. nine times as low.
C. three times as low.
D. three times as high.

3. When the temperature of the air is 25°C, the velocity of a sound wave traveling through the air is approximately
A. 332 m/s.
B. 347 m/s.
C. 320 m/s.
D. 357 m/s.

4. If a wave hits a smooth surface at an angle of incidence of 40 degrees, the angle of reflection is
A. 40 degrees.
B. 0 degrees.
C. 80 degrees.
D. 90 degrees.

5. A wave with a period of 0.008 second has a frequency of
A. 125 Hz.
B. 12.5 Hz.
C. 80 Hz.
D. 800 Hz.

6. In a transverse wave that travels through a medium, the molecules of the medium vibrate
A. in the direction in which the wave travels.
B. at right angles to the direction in which the wave travels.
C. with smaller amplitudes than the molecules in a longitudinal wave.
D. at twice the velocity of the molecules in a longitudinal wave.

7. The function of the eardrum in the middle ear is to
A. vibrate with the frequency of the received sound.
B. collect the sound waves.
C. amplify the received sound.
D. carry the sound energy to the brain.

8. The spreading of sound waves around openings in barriers is called
A. diffraction.
B. refraction.
C. an echo.
D. reverberation.

9. The number of waves that pass a particular point in a body in a unit of time is called the _______ of the waves.
A. rarefaction
B. frequency
C. amplitude
D. compression

10. During the process of steel production, the flaws in steel casting are detected by
A. ultrasonic vibrations.
B. resonant vibrations.
C. infrasonic vibrations.
D. longitudinal vibrations.

11. Rarefaction occurs only in a _______ wave.
A. sympathetic.
B. transverse.
C. longitudinal.
D. forced.

12. If two waves with equal amplitudes and wavelengths travel through a medium in such a way that a particular particle of the medium is at the crest of one wave and at the trough of the other wave at the same time, what will happen to that particle?
A. The particle will cause beats as a result of the wave combination.
B. The particle will move halfway to the crest due to reinforcement.
C. The particle will vibrate with double amplitude due to resonance.
D. The particle will remain stationary due to interference.

13. Through which one of the following mediums is the velocity of a sound wave the greatest?
A. Air
B. Water
C. Steel
D. Lead

14. The part of the ear where sound wave compressions and rarefactions cause the eardrum to vibrate is the
A. middle ear.
B. outer ear.
C. inner ear.
D. auditory nerve.

15. A sound that's produced by a single wave at a constant frequency and with no overtones is called
A. a pure sound.
B. a discordant sound.
C. a mellow sound.
D. an average sound.

16. Which one of the following environments will sound not travel through?
A. Vacuum
B. Liquid
C. Solid
D. Gas

17. The change in pitch of a train's horn as it passes while you are standing still can be explained by
A. sympathetic vibration.
B. the Doppler effect.
C. resonance.
D. ultrasonic vibrations.

18. Which of the following phenomena is taking place when sound waves are reflected from a surface along parallel lines?
A. Diffusion
B. Refracting
C. Focusing
D. Absorption

19. When a tuning fork vibrates over an open pipe and the air in the pipe starts to vibrate, the vibrations in the tube are caused by
A. beats.
B. harmonics.
C. resonance.
D. reinforcement.

20. A wave front has the form of a
A. sine wave.
B. circle.
C. surface of a sphere.
D. straight line.

21. The maximum distance a molecule has been moved from its normal position by a wave is
A. compression.
B. frequency.
C. rarefaction.
D. amplitude.

22. If you were trying to build a soundproof room, which of the following materials would you choose in order to absorb the most sound?
A. Carpet
B. Concrete
C. Wood
D. Heavy curtains

23. The _______ of a sound wave is defined as the amount of energy passing through a unit area of the wave front in a unit of time.
A. intensity
B. amplitude
C. frequency
D. compression

24. If a string vibrates at the fundamental frequency of 528 Hz and also produces an overtone with a frequency of 1,056 Hz, this overtone is the
A. third harmonic.
B. second harmonic.
C. first harmonic.
D. fourth harmonic.

25. When a sound from a source is refracted away from the surface of the earth, it gives an indication that the
A. air is cooler than the ground.
B. air has high humidity.
C. wind is blowing in the direction of the sound.
D. ground is cooling faster than the air.