Question 1.1. (TCO 1) Which of the following is a function of modern-day psychologists? (Points : 2)
Read your thoughts
Study conformity
Study the future
Study how the positions of planets influence a person's personality 

Question 2.2. (TCO 1) Which of the following is the BEST example of psychology's goal of describing behavior? (Points : 2)
Giving an interest-inventory (test) at a college counseling center to determine what career or college choices would best suit a student
Conducting an experiment to determine if watching violent cartoons increases aggressive behavior in preschoolers
Videotaping an intersection with four-way stop signs and measuring the ratio of complete to incomplete stops made by drivers
Sending first-time drug offenders to an inpatient treatment program rather than to jail 

Question 3.3. (TCO 1) Most practicing psychologists earn degrees in the area of _____. (Points : 2)
educational psychology
school psychology
clinical psychology
cognitive psychology 

Question 4.4. (TCO 1) _____ investigates how mental processes help people adapt to their environment. (Points : 2)
Structuralism
Gestalt
Cognitive processing
Functionalism 

Question 5.5. (TCO 1) Dr. Watson, from the _____ school of psychology, focused on objective, observable behavior rather than on the unconscious. (Points : 2)
behaviorism
cognitive
developmental
conditional 

Question 6.6. (TCO 1) Behaviorists were different conceptually from earlier psychologists and (Points : 2)
rejected the practice of introspection.
rejected the influence of unconscious forces.
believed classical conditioning only applied to animals such as Pavlov's dogs.
A and B

Question 7.7. (TCO 1) A state of self-fulfillment all individuals naturally strive to develop and move toward, according to Abraham Maslow, is called _____. (Points : 2)
self satisfaction
joy
self actualization
accomplishment 

Question 8.8. (TCO 1) The model that likens the mind to a computer that sequentially takes in information, processes it, and then produces a response is called the _____. (Points : 2)
stepwise model
information processing model
cognitive processing model
reasoning approach 

Question 9.9. (TCO 2) Basic research is BEST defined as research that _____. (Points : 2)
is basic to one field only
advances scientific knowledge
is done to get a grade or a tenured teaching position
solves basic problems encountered by humans and animals in a complex world 

Question 10.10. (TCO 2) Someone interested in studying the effects of text messaging rather than talking on the phone on the quality of friendships would perform _____ as the first step in order to follow the scientific method. (Points : 2)
forming a testable hypothesis
developing a theory
reviewing the literature of existing theories
designing a study 

Question 11.11. (TCO 2) If a psychology teacher lets students earn extra credit by volunteering for research, he or she is ethically required to _____. (Points : 2)
volunteer for a study himself or herself
provide an alternative extra credit activity of equal value
help conduct the study himself or herself
All of the above

Question 12.12. (TCO 2) _____ research observes and records behaviors without manipulating variables or producing causal explanations. (Points : 2)
Descriptive
Empirical
Independent
Dependent 

Question 13.13. (TCO 2) Which scientific method of research would be used if a college student running for student body president was trying to determine whether to emphasize campus security, improve parking facilities, or increase health services in his or her campaign? (Points : 2)
A case study
Naturalistic observation
An experiment
A survey 

Question 14.14. (TCO 2) In experiments, _____ variables are selected and manipulated by the experimenter. (Points : 2)
independent
intervening
controlled
dependent 

Question 15.15. (TCO 2) One of the BEST ways to deal with ethnocentrism in scientific research is to _____. (Points : 2)
create culturally diverse research review committees
provide cultural sensitivity training to all researchers
use cross-cultural sampling
ignore it because cultural universals are more prevalent than cultural specifics 

Question 16.16. (TCO 2) Which of the following is an example of a zero correlation? (Points : 2)
The relationship between your grades and how much time you spend studying
The relationship between your alcohol consumption and physical reaction time
The relationship between intensity of rain and umbrella use
The relationship between your adult height and intelligence 

Question 17.17. (TCO 3) Evidence for _____ can be found when adopted children's behavior resembles their adopted family's behavior. (Points : 2)
predominance of nurture
predominance of nature
interacting contributions of nature and nurture
equal contributions of nature and nurture

Question 18.18. (TCO 3) The basic units of the brain and the rest of your nervous system are the _____. (Points : 2)
neurons
neurotransmitters
synapses
myelin 

Question 19.19. (TCO 3) One important difference between a mylinated and bare axon is _____. (Points : 2)
the neural impulse is faster in the mylinated axon
the neural impulse is faster in the bare axon
only the bare axons have nodes
the bare axons are heavier 

Question 20.20. (TCO 3) What part(s) of the cell receive incoming messages? (Points : 2)
Axons and cell body
Dendrites alone
Dendrites and cell body
Axons 

Question 21.21. (TCO 3) Chemical messengers that are released by axons and stimulate dendrites on another neuron are called _____. (Points : 2)
chemical messengers
neurotransmitters
synaptic transmitters
neuromessengers 

Question 22.22. (TCO 3) If you run a marathon, your body will release _____ to elevate your mood and reduce your pain. (Points : 2)
lactic acid
epinephrine
norepinephrine
endorphins 

Question 23.23. (TCO 3) One of the hormones released by the adrenal glands in response to stress is _____. (Points : 2)
cortisol
serotonin
dopamine
GABA 

Question 24.24. (TCO 3) The difference between neurons in the PNS and neurons in the CNS is _____. (Points : 2)
damage to the PNS neurons is more often fatal
neurons in the PNS can regenerate
damage to PNS neurons is usually irreversible
Both A and C

Question 25.25. (TCO 3) The spinal cord is found inside the spinal column and is involved in _____. (Points : 2)
initiating voluntary behavior
the release of hormones body
higher order cognitive functioning
coordinating reflexes 


Question 26.26. (TCO 3) The autonomic nervous system is responsible for _____. (Points : 2)
connecting the CNS with the skeletal muscles
the somatic and parasomatic nervous system
regulation of the heart muscle and other involuntary functions
linking the body with the sense organs 


Question 27.27. (TCO 3) After arguing with her husband over dinner, Sue developed a stomach ache. This was probably because _____. (Points : 2)
her sympathetic nervous system activated and shut down digestion during the argument
her parasympathetic nervous system activated and shut down digestion during the argument
her endocrine system sent out too many hormones to her stomach
her central nervous system signaled for too much acid to be produced in her stomach 


Question 28.28. (TCO 3) Many symptoms of schizophrenia, like hearing voices, misunderstanding social cues, and misinterpreting sensory information could be due to abnormalities in the _____. (Points : 2)
reticular formation
hypothalamus
thalamus
All of the above


Question 29.29. (TCO 3) Which of the following is a characteristic of the cerebral cortex? (Points : 2)
It involves emotions and memory.
It controls both autonomic and voluntary behavior.
It regulates reflexive behavior.
It is responsible for higher mental processes. 


Question 30.30. (TCO 3) This part of the cerebrum interprets bodily sensations. (Points : 2)
Posterior lobe
Anterior lobe
Parietal lobe
Temporal lobe  

31. One important principle advocated by the APA is the right of informed consent, which states that the experimenter has a clear obligation to
a.obtain approval from a committee that judges the ethics of the proposed research before performing an experiment involving human participants.
b.balance the potential worth of the research against the potential harm to the participants prior to doing the experiment.
c.explain to the participants all salient features of the research before the experiment is done so the participants have the opportunity to decline to participate.
d.inform the participants of the results of the research prior to publication of a journal article.