Let the probability of a bit error be p, and the length of a data frame be N. Find the probability of 1, 2, 3, and 4 bit errors occurring in the frame.
a) Tabulate the results for N = 1000, 10000, and 100000 bits, for p = 10-6, 10-8, and 10-14
b) Find an approximate value for the probability that a frame is in error even though a single parity bit indicates that there is no error.