In a germination experiment the germination rate and timing of wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum) and crop radish (Raphanus sativus) were measured. The seeds of these two closely related plant species differ in the level of domestication. As an evolutionary botanist, we suspect that domestication could have selected for differences in a host of traits, including germination success (Germination Rate) as well as timing of germination (Days to germination). Folks that test seed define Germination Rate as the proportion of seeds (from the total pool of seed) that actually germinate. We want to know if degree of domestication influences these two traits. The following data was collected from a batch of 20 seeds planted per species.

Species # Germinated Days to Germinate
Wild Radish 11 5,3,12,4,9,9,7,14,7,8,13
Crop Radish 18 3,4,1,4,5,1,2,3,1,1,4,4,5,4,4,5,2,1,

1. Determine the Germination Rate for each species and graph this result (either by hand or in Excel).

2. Using a t-test as described in the manual, determine if there is a significant difference between the two species in terms of days of germination. Show your work by hand (even if you check it in Excel). Feel free to expand this space if you need more.

3. Using a X2 test, determine if there is a difference in germination rate. Show your work by hand (even if you check it in Excel).