problem 1) Describe reciprocal lattice parameters and transformations.

problem 2) describe the Isomorphous and anomalous dispersion methods.

problem 3) prepare detailed notes on:

a) Structure validation.

b) Fibre diffraction.

problem 4) Describe the application of NMR spectroscopy to determine structure of proteins.

problem 5) Describe the use of Fluorescence spectroscopy in biopolymer structure analysis.

problem 6) prepare detailed notes on:

a) Nuclear Overhousser effect.

b) Cosy technique

problem 7) Describe the structure of gametic cells in mammals. State the subcellular events during Fertilization.

problem 8) Describe the Metabolic and subcellular changes during early embryogenesis.

problem 9) prepare brief notes on:

a) Cell differentiation.

b) Pleuripotency of animal cells.

problem 10) What are stem cells? describe their special attributes and types.

problem 11) Give a brief account of any two embryonic stem cell based technologies.

problem 12) prepare notes on:

a) Gene therapy.

b) Bioethical implications of human cloning.