EHST 3370 Exam 1 Study Guide/Homework (Due 1/28/16)

1) What are the five components of an onsite wastewater system, and what function(s) does each component serve?

2) What are some typical concentrations of total nitrogen (mg/L), total phosphorus (mg/L), and BOD5 (mg/L) for 1) wastewater effluent and 2) septage?

3) What are the five principles of On-site Wastewater Treatment?

4) Why are long, narrow septic system trenches preferred over wider, short trenches?

5) If effluent surfaces in a yard, why is it a concern?

6) How can wastewater from an onsite system impact ground water quality?

7) What coastal environmental problems may be partly linked to wastewater management (other factors, but wastewater can contribute also)?

8) On average, how much water does each person use per day?

9) What is the difference between pollutant concentrations and pollutant loadings?

10) How does the concentration of organic matter in water affect dissolved oxygen?

11) How does temperature affect dissolved oxygen?

12) What is the difference between total suspended solids and total dissolved solids?

13) What is the difference between volatile and fixed solids?

14) If most E. coli and fecal coliform bacteria are not harmful to humans, why do we test for them and get concerned if they are found in the water samples?

15) How does the speciation of nitrogen (form) affect it's mobility in soil (NO3 in comparison to NH4)?

16) What forms of nitrogen are dominant in septic tanks?

17) What are FOGs and how do they affect septic systems?

18) List three things required in the report to obtain a permit to apply septage to a field? Who must develop the report?

19) What are three methods of land application of septage?

20) List three potential negative issues with land application of septage.

21) List three factors for determining where septage can be land applied.

22) How is septage typically treated (with what material) before land application?

23) What are the soil depth requirements to apply septage on fields with group I, II and III soils?

24) What are the setback requirements for septage application sites and property lines, occupied homes, and streams?

25) What is the difference between BOD and COD?

26) List 3 designated water resource uses

27) What are 3 typical pollutants that cause water use impairment?

28) How many onsite systems are in use in NC? How many new systems are installed each year in NC? How many systems are repaired each year in NC?

29) Define biomat, and list one positive and one negative associated with a biomat in terms of system performance.

30) Which component of an onsite system is most important for wastewater treatment?