Discuss the differences between macronutrients (carbohydrates, fats, and proteins) and vitamins.
3. Discuss the roles of vitamin C.
4. Differentiate between water- and fat-soluble vitamins.
5. Jackson has alcoholism and pays no attention to his diet. Besides the harmful effects on his liver, drinking excess alcohol can cause deficiencies in certain B vitamins. Explain why this can occur.
6. Lee H, a student at an urban Baltimore community college, is taking an introductory nutrition class. Lee works out regularly and is meticulous about planning his meals and is careful not to skip them. Although Lee believes he already knows a lot about nutrition and has good eating habits, he is interested in learning more about the relationship between nutrition and health. Lee has begun to take several vitamin supplements as part of a program promoted by his gym. A number of the vitamins he is taking provide more than 500 percent of the DRI. Lee thinks that these are a ‘bonus' and that the excess gives him extra energy when he is exercising. During a lecture in his nutrition class, Lee's professor noted that taking supplements may not be wise, and he emphasized that a good diet should provide all needed nutrients. During another class, the concept of vitamin toxicity was discussed. Lee's nutrition text reinforced his instructor's views.
Based on this new information, Lee becomes concerned that he may be overdosing on his vitamin intake. However, he also trusts the fitness experts at the gym and does not think that they would promote a potentially harmful practice.
a. What should Lee do to resolve this conflict and still achieve his goal?
b. Do you think Lee may be overdosing on his vitamin intake? Explain your answer.
c. Do you think it is dangerous if Lee is overdosing on his vitamin intake? Explain your answer.
7. Kelly is a 39 year old African American executive. She tries to lead an active life and uses oral contraceptives. Kelly and her husband want to start a family. Kelly's blood work reveals a low folate level, and low serum vitamin B-12. She usually skips lunch on a sandwich and coffee mid-afternoon. Kelly has no medical problems however she recently had extensive surgery on her ankle.
a. What recommendations do you have for Kelly about folate?
b. What recommendations do you have for Kelly regarding vitamin B-12?
c. Using information list one or two good sources from each of the food groups that Kelly could add to her diet?
d. Should Kelly be using over-the-counter vitamin supplements after surgery? Why or why not?
8. Keep a record of all the food you eat (including portions) over a two day period. You MUST use the 13th edition of Whitney and Rolfes to answer this question. Please note, credit will not be given if your food record is not realistic for two days - recording only a few foods is not realistic. Please do your own work! Answer the following:
a. Using Appendix H of your text, determine how much vitamin A you took in. Show your work to include DA+ code numbers. If your menu item is not listed in Appendix H, use the entry closest to what you ate.
b. Using the DRI table (page B) what is your daily requirement for vitamin A and have you met it? Why or why not? Should you be overly concerned? Why or why not?
c. What food groups are considered to be good sources of vitamin A in the American diet?