Answer the following problems.

problem 1) Describe ultrasonography and its different modes.

problem 2) Describe the direct methods of measurement of blood pressure.

problem 3) What do you mean by ventilators? Why are they used? describe the different modes of their operation and necessary instrumentation they include.

problem 4) prepare a detailed note on CAT scan and its merits and demerits.

problem 5) Describe X-ray technique of radiography with diagram.

problem 6) Expalin in detail the methodology of measurement of gas volume and concentration of CO₂ and O₂ in exhaled air.

problem 7) What is brain potential and how it is measured? Describe with concerned figures.

problem 8) Describe the working of cardiac pacemakers with its block diagram, working and different pacing modes of operation.