problem 1)a) Compute and describe the noise produced in PCM and DM. Compare their results.

b) Describe non uniform quantization. prepare down its application.

problem 2) Provide detailed technical note on:

a) Hamming Sphere and Hamming Bound

b) Coding efficiency

c) Probability of error for M-ary PAM.

problem 3)a) What do you mean by cyclic codes? What are its types? Where do we use them?

b) For a (7, 4) cyclic code, the generating polynomial g(x) = 1 +x+x³. Determine the code word if data word is

i) 0011

ii) 0100

iii) Illustrate that how cyclic code is decoded to get word for previous case (i).

problem 4)a) Describe in detail Veterbi decoding algorithm. Provide suitable ex to illustrate its implementation and convergence to correct code.

b) Draw a decoding table for single error correcting (7, 4) code. Find out data vectors transmitted for the following received vectors r:

i) 1101101

ii) 0101000.