1) prepare down the responsibilities of data link layer.

2) prepare down the types of errors.

3) Describe in detail the data transmission in OSI reference model.

4) What do you mean by redundancy?

5) prepare down the available detection methods.

6) prepare detailed notes on VRC.

7) prepare detailed notes on LRC.

8) prepare detailed notes on CRC.

9)a) prepare down the four properties by which transmission media can differ.

b) Three packet switching networks each have n nodes. Networks has a star topology with central switch, a ring respectively and a third is fully interconnected with wire form every node to every other node. Determine the best, average and worst case transmission paths in hops?

10) describe the main elements of protocols and the standards.