Crossing over and the random distribution

Question 1. Crossing over and the random distribution of maternal and paternal chromosomes are responsible for

genetic stability.
cell division.
genetic variation.
DNA synthesis.
none of the above

Question 2. A measurable or observable trait or characteristic of an organism is called a(n)

phenotype
genotype
allele
gene

Question 3. A functional chromosome contains which of the following?

origin of replication
telomeres
centromeres
all of the above

Question 4. Errors in chromosome separation are rarely a problem for an organism.

True
False

Question 5. Genetics contribute to advances in:

agriculture.
pharmaceuticals.
medicine.
modern biology.
All of the above.

Question 6. Bacteria and viruses can be used to study genes and inheritance, even though they are structurally and metabolically different from animal and plant cells.

True
False

Question 7. The function(s) of a DNA repair gene is studied by the subdivision of genetics called:

population genetics.
transmission genetics.
molecular genetics.

Question 8. Sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite poles during which phase of mitosis?

prophase
pro-metaphase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase

Question 9. If a typical somatic cell has 32 chromosomes, how many chromosomes are expected in each gamete of that organism?

46
64
0
16
32

Question 10. Progression through the different phases of the cell cycle is regulated by key transition points called checkpoints.

True
False

Question 11. Crossing over usually occurs during

meiosis I.
meiosis II.
mitosis.
S-phase.
Crossing over occurs randomly in all division types.

Question 12. Genetic information can be carried in which of the following biomolecules?

proteins
DNA and not RNA
RNA and not DNA
Either DNA or RNA

Question 13. A eukaryotic cell in G1 has a mutation that prevents cyclin B from being made. At which cell cycle stage would this cell stop?

G1
S
G2
M (anaphase)
M (telophase)

Question 14. Which stage of meiosis increases genetic variability in the gamete cells?

telophase
prophase I
anaphase I
anaphase II

Question 15. Evolution cannot occur without genetic changes in populations.

True
False

Question 16. Which of the following is not a component within a single nucleotide of a nucleic acid?

nitrogenous base
sugar
polymerase
phosphate

Question 17. The complete genetic makeup of any organism is its

genotype
genome
proteome
DNA

Question 18. A form of a gene that has a slightly different sequence than other forms of the same gene but encodes the same type of a protein is called a(n)

phenotype
genotype
allele
gene

Question 19. In which part of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?

G1
G2
S
M
DNA is replicated before the cell cycle.

Question 20. Permanent, heritable changes in genetic information (DNA) are called

mutations
genes
alleles
genome.