Celiac disease is associated with a rare chronic inflammatory disorder of the stomach called lymphocytic gastritis. An endoscopy procedure uses a camera to examine the stomach and to collect tissue samples for further microscopic evaluation. This type of gastritis is characterized by an abnormal number of lymphocytes (hence lymphocytic) in and around the epithelial cells. Inflammation of the affected stomach lining is also visible during the endoscopy procedure.

Vitamin B12 and iron deficiencies that occur as a result of the damage caused by celiac disease are also associated with another autoimmune gastrointestinal condition called chronic atrophic gastritis. This condition also causes nutrient malabsorption. The antrum and fundus are the most commonly affected anatomical regions of the stomach. Chronic degeneration or atrophy associated with atrophic gastritis eventually compromises the functional capability of the gastric pits found in these regions, which can lead to symptoms that range from indigestion to abdominal pain.

Symptoms of gastritis, regardless of the etiology or cause, can range from no symptoms to dyspepsia, a broad medical term used to describe abdominal pain or burning, discomfort, or indigestion, to gastrointestinal bleeding.

Chronic gastritis affects the normal function of the cells found in the gastric pits. Which of the following events revolving around hydrogen ion secretion is NOT associated with the cephalic phase of digestion?

Celiac disease is associated with a rare chronic inflammatory disorder of the stomach called lymphocytic gastritis. An endoscopy procedure uses a camera to examine the stomach and to collect tissue samples for further microscopic evaluation. This type of gastritis is characterized by an abnormal number of lymphocytes (hence lymphocytic) in and around the epithelial cells. Inflammation of the affected stomach lining is also visible during the endoscopy procedure.

Vitamin B12 and iron deficiencies that occur as a result of the damage caused by celiac disease are also associated with another autoimmune gastrointestinal condition called chronic atrophic gastritis. This condition also causes nutrient malabsorption. The antrum and fundus are the most commonly affected anatomical regions of the stomach. Chronic degeneration or atrophy associated with atrophic gastritis eventually compromises the functional capability of the gastric pits found in these regions, which can lead to symptoms that range from indigestion to abdominal pain.

Symptoms of gastritis, regardless of the etiology or cause, can range from no symptoms to dyspepsia, a broad medical term used to describe abdominal pain or burning, discomfort, or indigestion, to gastrointestinal bleeding.

Chronic gastritis affects the normal function of the cells found in the gastric pits. Which of the following events revolving around hydrogen ion secretion is NOT associated with the cephalic phase of digestion?

a, Presence of food in the stomach distends the stomach wall and stimulates acetylcholine release, increasing acid secretion.

b. The smell of food triggers vagal nerve stimulation, which leads to the release of gastrin, which leads to an increase in hydrogen ion secretion.

c. The sight of food triggers the vagus nerves to release acetylcholine onto parietal cells, which directly stimulates them to release hydrogen ions.

d. The thought of food increases activity in the vagus nerve, which stimulates the release of histamine.