Biofilms are implicated in intractable urinary tract infections, in the lung infections (such as in Cystic fibrosis), on teeth, on implanted medical devices-to name a few scenarios. Nosocomial (hospital acquired) infections are the fourth leading cause of death in the U.S. Biofilms contribute to the failure of antibiotic treatment, particularly in hospitalized patients.

Describe the formation of biofilms, their persistence, and interactions with the host immune system. How does quorum sensing plays a role in the development of biofilms. What are some of the methods used for controlling medical biofilms.