Be able to write the overall chemical equation for cellular respiration. Where does O2 go? Where does CO2 come from? How much net ATP is produced? What do cells/organisms do with all this ATP?

Stage 1 Glycolysis
Where happen? What is the substrate/s? What are the product/s? Know that 2 ATP are used and that 4 ATP are made (giving a net 2ATP). Know that NADH is made.
What is glycolysis? Know that sugar >>> pyruvate. Why is ATP used initially? What happens to the
NADH and pyruvate produced (in fermentation, in cellular respiration)? How much net ATP is
produced?

Stage 2 Pyruvate -> Acetyl CoA, & Krebs Cycle
Where happen? What is the substrate/s? What are the product/s? How many ATP, NADH, FADH2 are
made?

Stage 3 Electron Transport Phosphorylation
Where happen? What is the substrate/s? What are the product/s? Describe how electrons captured as NADH and FADH2 during the Krebs cycle are used to power ATP formation. What are the electron donors?
Know that O2 is the final electron acceptor -> H2O
What is fermentation? How is NAD+ regenerated? What are advantages of fermentation over cellular
respiration?
How is ATP synthesized? What is substrate level phosphorylation? What is electron transport
phosphorylation (eg. chemiosmotic phosphorylation)? What is ATP synthase? What is the structure/function of the mitochondria?
How are respiration and photosynthesis related?