A Rankine cycle power plant is being developed to operate an irrigation system. In this power plant solar energy will be used to boil a low boiling point fluid within glazed flat plate solar collectors. The working fluid that has been selected is the commonly used refrigerant R 134a (1, 1, 1, 2 tetrafluoroethane), tabulated properties of which may be found in Tables A11, A12 and A13 at the rear of the prescribed text.

The plates being used for the solar collector are made of 2 layers of aluminium bonded together for much of their area and incorporating tubular passages of oval cross-section in the unbonded areas, within which the refrigerant boils. The working pressure of this construction is 1600 kPa. It is intended that the refrigerant will boil at this pressure and be slightly superheated, thereby bringing the temperature up to 60° C. The quality of the glazing and insulation on the solar collectors is such that at these fluid conditions, and with a solar intensity of 1 kW per square metre onto the glazing, the efficiency of solar energy collection into the fluid is 70%.

1. For the ideal case where the feed pump and turbine are isentropic and the electric motor on the feed pump and the electric generator are 100% efficient:

a. Determine the specific enthalpy of the refrigerant at the entry and exit of the feed pump, and the entry and exit of the turbine;