A basement is flooded with 16 m3 of water at 15?C. It is pumped out with a small pump driven by a 0.75-kW electric motor. The hose can reach 8 m vertically up, and to ensure that the water can flow over the edge of a dike, it should have a velocity of 20 m/s at that point generated by a nozzle (see Fig. P8.34). Find the maximum flow rate you can get and how fast the basement can be emptied.

2. A 20?C room is heated with a 2000-W electric baseboard heater. What is the rate of irreversibility?
3. A refrigerator removes 1.5 kW from the cold space at -10?C, using 750 W of power input while it rejects heat to the kitchen at 25?C. Find the rate of irreversibility.