1. In addition to bone and tooth development, an important function served by calcium in growing children is:
a. hemoglobin formation.
b. blood clotting.
c. adipose tissue growth.
d. regulation of digestion.

2. The percentage of a 5-year-old child's daily kcalorie intake that is used for tissue growth is about:
a. 5%.
b. 12%.
c. 25%.
d. 50%.

3. If a woman has a body mass index (BMI) of 18.0 before pregnancy and she gains 26 lb during her pregnancy, her weight gain would be considered to be:
a. below the normal range.
b. at the low end of the normal range.
c. at the high end of the normal range.
d. above the normal range.

4. The medical term for a reduced amount of saliva and dry mouth is:
a. xeroderma.
b. xeritis.
c. xerophthalmia.
d. xerostomia.

5. Children are likely to experience problems if they receive excess amounts of vitamins:
a. D and E.
b. C and D.
c. A and E.
d. A and D.

6. The goal of nutrition screening for older adults is to:
a. treat overt malnutrition.
b. identify those at risk for malnutrition.
c. evaluate nutritional status.
d. determine supplement needs.

7. Increased protein is necessary in pregnancy for fetal tissue growth and:
a. growth of maternal organs.
b. sparing carbohydrates for energy needs.
c. reducing colloidal osmotic pressure.
d. decreasing maternal circulating blood volume.

8. For the average woman, the daily protein requirement during pregnancy increases to about:
a. 41 g.
b. 51 g.
c. 61 g.
d. 71 g.

9. Postmenopausal women need an increased intake of:
a. zinc.
b. sodium.
c. calcium.
d. manganese.

10. Symptoms such as anorexia, slow growth, cracking skin, and enlargement of the spleen and liver are associated with toxicity of vitamin:
a. A.
b. C.
c. D.
d. E.

11. Older adults should make sure that their diets include sufficient:
a. sodium.
b. magnesium.
c. calcium.
d. iron.

12. The long-chain fatty acids arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid are present in breast milk and are added to some commercial formulas because they are important in the development of:
a. the immune system.
b. gastrointestinal flora.
c. visual acuity.
d. motor skills.

13. The diet of a lactating mother should include extra:
a. fat and calories.
b. protein and fluids.
c. vitamin D only.
d. carbohydrates only.

14. The effect of folic acid deficiency during pregnancy is:
a. paralysis.
b. megaloblastic anemia.
c. pernicious anemia.
d. pellagra.

15. Compared with nonpregnant women, pregnant women require greater intakes of:
a. iron.
b. potassium.
c. calcium.
d. fluoride.

16. Ankle edema during pregnancy is:
a. a normal occurrence in most women.
b. a sign of a serious complication in most women.
c. the result of drinking too much fluid.
d. most likely to occur during the first trimester.

17. By his or her first birthday, an infant who weighed 3 kg at birth would be expected to weigh about:
a. 5 kg.
b. 6 kg.
c. 9 kg.
d. 12 kg.

18. A mother with phenylketonuria can have a successful pregnancy if she:
a. eliminates dairy products.
b. follows a high-protein diet.
c. follows a low-phenylalanine diet.
d. consumes adequate folic acid.

19. During pregnancy, women usually need to increase their energy intake by about:
a. 5% to 10%.
b. 10% to 15%.
c. 15% to 20%.
d. 20% to 25%.

20. Factors that affect the outcome of pregnancy include the number of previous pregnancies and live births and:
a. the woman's height.
b. amount of milk intake.
c. work outside the home.
d. the time interval between them.