1.

A. Prophace I

B. Metaphase I

C. Anaphase I

D. Telophase I

E. Prophace II

F. Metaphase II

G. Anaphase II

H. Telophase II

I. Interphase

2.

It the genetic code one gene initiation sequence is "TATAT" means: start transcription at the end of the far right "T". One "stop reading Condon is "ATC" means stop reading before the "A" of "ATC". Sequence outside this region are not transcribed and do not count.

Given the DNA sequence DNA below transcribed into a mRNA sequence and then translate into a Proper sequence of amino ac id for translation. Use the supplied Genetic Code sheet and Write down the 3 letter abbreviation for each amino acid.

3. Circle the letter of the correct DNA model: DS = Deoxyribose Sugar, RS - Ribose Sugar, P = Phosphate, A = Adenine. G = Guanine, C = Cytosine, T = Thymine, U= Uracil

1. Asexual reproduction involves meiosis and cell division.
True or False

2. Plants can reproduce usexually by:
A. Seed B. rhizomes C. tubers D. All of these E. A & C

3. Crossover occurs during which phase of meiosis?
A. Anaphase I B. Prophase II C. Prophase 1 D. Telophase I

4. Homologous chromosome pairs separate during which phase?
A. Prophase II B. Anaphase I C. Anaphase II D. Telophase II

5. Two groups of nuclei are visible in which phase?
A. Telophase II B. Metaphase II C. Telophase I D. Anaphase I

6. Sister chromatids separate during what phase?
A. Prophase II B. Anaphase II C. Anaphase I D. Telophase II

7. The sporophytic generations has the "2N" number of chromosomes.
True or False

8. The gametophytic generation is the pollen for the male and the egg sac for the female.
True or False

9. Who discovered that traits are inherited following mathematical laws?
A. Waston B. Mendel C. Handed D. Crick E. Socrates

10. Who discovered the structure of DNA?
A. Watson and Holmes B. Ambercremble and Fitch C. Watson and Crick D. Rowan and Martin E. Seigfrield and Roy F. Tom and Jerry

If T= tall plants and t= short plants and you cross a tall and short plant from inbred lines, then:

11. F1 progeny will be: A. 1TT: 2Tt B. TT C. Tt D. tt E. 3 tall : 1 short

12. F2 progeny will be: A. 2 TT : 1 Tt : 1 tt B. 1 TT : 3 Tt : 1 tt C. 1 TT : 2 Tt: 1 tt

13. With complete dominance the F1 progeny will be:
A. All short B. 3 tall: 1 short C. All medium D. All tall E. 1 tall: 2 medium: 1 short

14. With complete dominance all F2 progeny will be:
A. 1 tall : 3 short B. 1 short : 3 tall C. 3 short : 1 tall D. 1 tall : 2 medium : 1 short E. All TT

15. With incomplete dominance all F1 progeny will be:
A. Medium height B. tall

16. With incomplete dominance the F2 progeny will be:
A. 1 tall : 1 medium : 3 short B. 3 tall : 1 short C. 1 tall : 3 medium : 1 short D. 1 tall :2 medium : 1 short

17. Albino corn is caused by simple recessive gene, yet frequently a plant that is homozygous for that gene (aa = albino) may be normal. The cause is probably:
A. Complete dominance B. mutation C. polyploidy D. geneinteration

18. If DNA was a twisted ladder, then the arms of the ladder would be alternating sugars and phosphates and the rungs or steps of the ladder would be base pairs.
True or False

19. If DNA, adenine (A) Pairs with thymine (T) and guanine (G) pairs with cytosine (C).
True or False

Tell whether each of the following is part of:
A. DNA replication B. Transcription C. Translation

20. Reading the messenger RNA to produce proteins

21. mRNA is created

22. Errors in this cause heritable mutations

23. Takes place in the cytoplasm

24. Involves ribosomes

25. Both strands of DNA are read

26. Only one strand of DNA is read

27. Involves tRNA

28. One "gene" is continuous on one chromosome.
True or False

29. Which of the following is not a common way to propagate plants vegetatively?
A. Seeds B. stem cuttings C. stolons D. bulbs E. corms
 
30. Which is the most common method of propagating plants sexually?
A. Seeds B. bulbs C. stolons D. stem cuttings E. corms
 
31. The main reason to propagate plants vegetatively instead of sexually is to produce clonal cultivars where every plant contains the selected trait(s).
True or False

32. With grafted plants, the top portion (usually the production variety) is called the _____.
A. Clone B. interstock C. root stock D. Cutting E. scion

33. Which is not part of plant biotechnology?
A. Genetic engineering B. stem cutting C. plant cell culture

34. More cytokinin to auxin in the culture means more roots form relative to shoots.
True or False

35. "Restriction endonucleases" are enzymes that come from bacteria and cut up DNA at specific sites or sequences of bases.
True or False

36. Transformation is the movement of single or few genes from one species to another, many times even from one kingdom to another.
True or False

37. Which one of the methods below is now the most commonly used to transfer genes from one life form to another?
A. Gene gun B. stratification C. electroporation D. bacterialtransfer.