12. A reward can interfere with a punisher when: (page 138)
(a) reward and punishment fail to arouse approach-avoidance conflict
(b) the punishment is not consistent
(c) the punishing event becomes a secondary positive reinforcer
(d) none of the above- rewards never interfere with punishment

14. Self-Injurious Behavior tends to be treated with:
(a) reinforcement
(b) punishment
(c) aversion therapy
(d) learned helplessness

25. The idea that words from the same semantic category can be recalled togeth-
er even if they were not presented as part of the same list is the core idea
underlying:
(a) categorical clustering
(b) subjective organization
(c) associative clustering
(d) matrix recall

3. The finding that certain amnesiacs have impaired episodic LTM but preserved
semantic LTM (or vice-versa) suggests that:
(a) LTM is always damaged in amnesia
(b) STM is always damaged in amnesia
(c) episodic and semantic LTM are distinct from one another
(d) doctors don't really understand the disease

5. Which of the following is NOT known to produce memory loss?
(a) electroconvulsive therapy
(b) an unusual word appearing in the middle of a list of other words
(c) the inducing of frustration in infants
(d) none of the above

3. Adam is trying to remember information for his psychology exam, but similar
information that he studied in sociology is also being retrieved, interfering
with his thinking process. This interference is most similar to:
(a) priming
(b) the fan effect
(c) spreading of activation
(d) procedural memory

5. An early, but ultimately incorrect, approach to understanding the biology of
memory was:
(a) the modularity approach
(b) long-term potentiation
(c) the formation of memory molecules
(d) all of the above

8. As Melanie sits in class paying attention to the new material being presented
by her professor, this information, in its unconsolidated state, is likely being
processed in which storage system?
(a) sensory memory
(b) short-term memory
(c) long-term memory
(d) implicit memory
9. One study on remembering knowledge learned in school assessed learning 4
and 11 months after completion of a course. Grades fell about on
the delayed tests.
(a) 10%
(b) 20%
(c) 50%
(d) none of the above
10. After practicing all summer long, Madison has finally learned how to make a
baseball curve when she throws it. This ability can best be described as:
(a) implicit learning
(b) spatial learning
(c) stimulus-response learning
(d) motor skill learning

11. Tommy has been running the 1-mile race for his track team for the past 5
years. His best times in each of the past 5 years, respectively, have been
5:30, 5:02, 4:40, 4:30, and 4:25. Assuming his training proceeds accord-
ing to plan, which of the following times should he be capable of running
this year, according to the power law?
(a) 3:59
(b) 4:02
(c) 4:23
(d) 4:10

14. Janet is learning how to type, in the context of a single-session lab-based
psychology experiment. To maximize typing performance in this context, the
best type of feedback should be delivered how soon after each typing trial?
(a) 1 minute
(b) 1 hour
(c) immediately
(d) 10 minutes.

21. Very young children tend to rely on data to encode information,
whereas older children and adults utilize data during encoding.
(a) sensory; motor
(b) sensory; verbal
(c) verbal; motor
(d) motor; sensory

22. Cindy, a 6-year-old, is presented with several random strings of letters to
commit to memory. Which of the following strings is she most likely to re-
member in the correct order?
(a) RQY
(b) BHFZP
(c) MPLSTGX
(d) WYZDHLPMT

24. In a 1-room schoolhouse with students of all ages, Mr. Smith notices that
some of his students are taking notes about what is being discussed in class,
whereas others are not. Which of the following students would be most likely
to be one of the students taking notes?
(a) Joe, a 5-year-old boy
(b) Jen, a 6-year-old girl
(c) Victor, a 9-year-old boy
(d) Rhonda, a 12-year-old girl
25. Dr. Marie has a 23-year-old female patient that is having problems with her
spatial memory. Giving this patient an estrogen supplement to boost her
memory will likely have what effect on her memory dysfunction?
(a) it will eliminate it
(b) it will make it worse
(c) it will have no long term impact
(d) it will make her smarter