1. The components of the exhaust gas of a spark-ignition engine using a fuel mixture represented as C8H17 have  a dry molar analysis of 8.7% CO2, 8.9% CO, 0.3% O2, 3.7% H2, 0.3% CH4, and 78.1% N2. Determine the equivalence ratio.

2. The combustion of a hydrocarbon fuel, represented as CaHb, results in products with the dry molar analysis 11% CO2, 0.5% CO, 2% CH4, 1.5% H2, 6% O2, and 79% N2. Determine the air-fuel ratio on (a) a molar basis, (b) a mass basis.

3. Decane (C10H22) burns completely in dry air. The air- fuel ratio on a mass basis is 33. Determine the

(a) analysis of the products on a dry molar basis.

(b) percent of theoretical air.