1. Select the correct statements about linezolid and synercid.
Synercid and linezolid are two of the newer antibiotics that inhibit protein synthesis.
Synercid and linezolid are used to treat some of the very resistant gram-positive bacteria.
Synercid and linezolid are relatively toxic to the kidneys.
Synercid inhibits initiation of protein synthesis while linezolid inhibits the action of the 50S ribosome and translation
Synercid and linezolid are effective antitubercular antibiotics.
2. Select the statements that accurately reflect drugs targeting the cell membrane:
they exhibit a low degree of selective toxicity
all are completely safe for routine use in patients
they are lipid-like in structure enhancing their ability to affect cell membranes
polymyxin and daptomycin are examples of cell membrane-targeting drugs
resistance to these drugs is rising due to NDM enzyme production
3. Select characteristics exhibited by exotoxins, but not exhibited by endotoxins.
Composed of lipopolysaccharide
Require very small doses to cause toxic effects
Secreted from a living cell
Heat-stable
Have very specific targets
Fever-inducing
4. An infectious agent cannot be transmitted from a patient during the convalescent period.
True
False
5. Select those circumstances in which Koch's postulates cannot be readily applied or would be
inappropriate to establish the cause of a disease.
The suspected pathogen infects animals but not humans.
The suspected pathogen cannot be cultured in the laboratory.
There is not a suitable experimental host for the suspected pathogen.
The suspected pathogen produces disease both in humans and a suitable test animal.
The disease is polymicrobial, caused by more than one pathogen.
6. Select the components that comprise the host first line defense mechanisms:
physical barriers
complement
chemical barriers
inflammation
genetic barriers
7. Innate, physical barriers of host defenses:
include the skin.
include the mucous membranes.
all contain keratin which makes the barriers highly impervious.
are part of the second line of host defenses.
are all covered with mucus that adds another layer of protection.
8. Whole blood is a substance, consisting of blood cells and clear fluid called serum, which moves through the circulatory system.
True
False
9. There is evidence to support that some diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, may be linked to chronic inflammation in the body.
True
False
10. The three complement cascades are activated by different mechanisms but share the same end results of the membrane attack complex formation, enhanced phagocytic capabilities, and amplification of inflammation.
True
False
11. The classical pathway of complement activation requires antigen-antibody interactions.
True
False
12. he complex C3bBb is the C3 convertase in the alternative pathway.
True
False