1. NADH is produced

• O2 is produced
• ATP is produced.
• ATP is used.
• O2 is used.

 2 One function of both alcohol fermentation and lactic acid fermentation is to ______

• reduce NAD+ to NADH.
• reduce FAD+ to FADH2.
• oxidize NADH to NAD+.
• reduce FADH2 to FAD+.
• do none of the above.

3 Where does glycolysis take place in eukaryotic cells?

• mitochondrial matrix
• mitochondrial outer membrane
• mitochondrial inner membrane
• mitochondrial intermembrane space
• cytosol

4 -Which kind of metabolic poison would most directly interfere with glycolysis?

• an agent that reacts with oxygen and depletes its concentration in the cell
• an agent that binds to pyruvate and inactivates it
• an agent that closely mimics the structure of glucose but is not metabolized
• an agent that reacts with NADH and oxidizes it to NAD+
• an agent that blocks the passage of electrons along the electron transport chain

5 -In addition to ATP, what are the end products of glycolysis?

• CO2 and H2O
• CO2 and pyruvate
• NADH and pyruvate
• CO2 and NADH
• H2O, FADH2, and citrate

6. Before a glucose molecule can be broken down to release energy,

• two ATP molecules must be taken away from glucose.
• one ATP molecule must be added to glucose.
• one ATP molecule must be taken away from glucose.
• two phosphate groups must be attached to glucose.
• three ATP molecules must be added to glucose.

7-During aerobic respiration, electrons travel downhill in which sequence?

• food → citric acid cycle → ATP → NAD+
• food → NADH → electron transport chain → oxygen
• glucose → pyruvate → ATP → oxygen
• glucose → ATP → electron transport chain → NADH
• food → glycolysis → citric acid cycle → NADH → ATP

8-Where does the Calvin cycle take place?

• stroma of the chloroplast
• thylakoid membrane
• cytoplasm surrounding the chloroplast
• interior of the thylakoid (thylakoid space)
• outer membrane of the chloroplast

9-CO2 + H2O + light energy --> [CH2O] + O2, in the given chemical process above, what does CH2O represent?

• Chlorophyll
• Carbohydrate
• Carbonated water
• Carbonic acid
• Carbon hydroxide

10-The reactions that produce molecular oxygen (O2) take place in

• the light reactions alone.
• the Calvin cycle alone.
• both the light reactions and the Calvin cycle.
• neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle.
• the chloroplast, but are not part of photosynthesis

11-Plant cells produce one molecule of O2

• by splitting two molecules of water.
• by splitting ribulose bisphosphate.
• by breaking down glucose.
• by splitting carbon dioxide.
• during respiration.

12-In photosynthetic cells, synthesis of ATP by the chemiosmotic mechanism occurs during _________

• photosynthesis only.
• respiration only.
• both photosynthesis and respiration.
• neither photosynthesis nor respiration.
• photorespiration only.

13-Energy that is not converted to useful energy is usually given off as...

• radioactivity
• electricity
• light
• heat
• entropy

14-A "high-energy bond"

• absorbs a large amount of free energy when the phosphate group is attached during hydrolysis.
• is formed when ATP is hydrolyzed to ADP and one phosphate group.
• is usually found in each glucose molecule; that is why glucose is chosen as the starting point for glycolysis.
• releases a large amount of usable energy when the phosphate group is split off during hydrolysis.
• none of these

15 -ATP is

• synthesized within mitochondria.
• all of these.
• the cell's principle compound for energy transfers.
• the molecule all living cell rely on to do work.
• a short-term, energy-storage compound.

16-The main source of energy in the human diet is

• fats.
• proteins.
• steroids.
• carbohydrates.
• nucleotides.

17-Where are the proteins of the electron transport chain located?

• cytosol
• mitochondrial outer membrane
• mitochondrial inner membrane
• mitochondrial intermembrane space
• mitochondrial matrix

18-According to the first law of thermodynamics, the total amount of energy in the universe __________

• is always decreasing
• is always increasing
• varies up and down
• is constant
• cannot be determined

19-The figure below compares the paths of two reactions (reaction A and reaction B). Based on your knowledge of enzymes and enzymatic reactions, use the figure below to select the correct statement.

• The curve for reaction A shows a reaction that is enzyme catalyzed. This is evident because the reaction time is slower.
• The curve for reaction B shows a reaction that is enzyme catalyzed. This is evident because the activation energy is lower.
• The curve for reaction A shows an reaction that is enzyme catalyzed. This is evident because the reaction activation energy is higher.
• Both 1 and 3 are correct.
• None of the above is correct.

20 When the enzyme catalase breaks down hydrogen peroxide which gas is released?

• Hydrogen
• Water
• Oxygen
• Carbon dioxide