1. Imagine a male bird migrating back north after a long, tough winter in Central America, Assume it flies during the day. Also assume that males of this species return to the same patch of grassland where they were the previous summer and that they are territorial. Finally, assume that this species is monogamous (male-female pairs) and can produce two clutches of offspring each summer.

a. What are two benefits that males of this species might gain by being migratorial?

b. What are two potential costs these individuals might incur during migration?

c. What must these males need to know and be able to do in order to use the sun for compass orientation?

d. Tell what other cues the males could use in this migratory return to their previous homesites and describe how they could orient or navigate using these cues. Remember that they fly during the daytime.