1. Which form of bacterial meningitis did you select and what is its causal agent?

2. What symptoms are typical of this form of meningitis?
3. Which age group or population is most susceptible to this form of meningitis and do typical activities within that age group have any influence on a person contracting the disease?

1. Which of the following is associated with serious infection of the meninges?
Clogging of blood vessels
Increased pressure within the skull
Decreased cerebrospinal fluid flow
Impaired central nervous system function
All of the above

2. Which of the following is a common cause of meningitis in non-immunized young children?
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Escherichia coli
Staphylococcus
Haemophilus influenzae
None of the above

3. A complication of infection with this organism (Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome) can occur if the organism becomes widely distributed in the body, leading to endotoxin shock and death. What is this organism?
Haemophilus influenzae
Neisseria meningitidis
Haemophilus influenza
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Listeria monocytogenes

4. What is the microorganism that causes most cases of meningitis among adults?
Haemophilus influenzae
Neisseria meningitidis
Haemophilus influenzae
Listeria monocytogenes
Streptococcus pneumoniae

5. Which of the following bacteria that may cause meningitis is Gram positive and therefore does not cause endotoxin shock in infected individuals?
Escherichia coli
Neisseria meningitidis
Listeria monocytogenes
Haemophilus influenzae
None of the above

6. Meningitis caused by Listeria monocytogenes is usually transmited by ________
food.
water.
aerosols.
sexual contact.
physical contact.

7. What causes Hansen's disease (leprosy)?
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Mycobacterium leprae
Listeria monocytogenes
Clostridium botulinum
Prions

8. An immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT) has replaced the older test for the presence of inclusions in neurons (Negri bodies) for the detection of infections caused by ________
Neisseria meningitides.
Enteroviruses.
Mumps virus.
Rabies virus.
Haemophilus influenzae.

9. What viruses most likely cause encephalitis?
Togaviruses
Enteroviruses
Mumps virus
Rabies virus
Hepatitis viruses

10. Muscle spasms that can lead to an arched back and spasms of the jaw muscles (lockjaw) can be caused by infections with ________
Clostridium tetani.
Clostridium botulinum.
Mycobacterium leprae.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Poliovirus.

11. What is the most common form of disease caused by Clostridium botulinum?
Infant
Wound
Lung, followed by exposure to aerosols
Foodborne
None of the above

12. Preventing African sleeping sickness is nearly impossible because ________
the trypanosomes change their surface glycoproteins evading the host immune response.
the tsetse fly has a wide range and eradication is difficult.
vaccines must target many antigens.
All of the above

13. Poliovirus infections may cause no symptoms and go undetected in ________
small children.
teenagers.
young adults.
elderly.
All of the above

14. Which form of poliovirus vaccine is better at eliminating viruses in the gastrointestinal tract?
Live attenuated vaccine
Formalin-killed vaccine
Section: Matching

15. Shrinkage and lysis of neurons of the central nervous system; headache, fever, and sometimes brain necrosis and convulsions
Bacterial meningitis
Listeriosis
Rabies
Encephalitis
Hansen's disease
Tetanus
Botulism
Poliomyelitis
Transmissable spongiform encephalopathies
Chagas' disease

16. Range of symptoms from loss of skin pigment and sensation to lepromas and erosion of skin and bone
Bacterial meningitis
Listeriosis
Rabies
Encephalitis
Hansen's disease
Tetanus
Botulism
Poliomyelitis
Transmissable spongiform encephalopathies
Chagas' disease

17. Toxin-mediated disease; muscle stiffness, spasms, paralysis of respiratory muscles, heart damage, and usually death
Bacterial meningitis
Listeriosis
Rabies
Encephalitis
Hansen's disease
Tetanus
Botulism
Pioliomyelitis
Transmissable spongiform encephalopathies
Chagas' disease

18. Fever, back pain, muscle spasms, partial or complete flaccid paralysis from destruction of motor neurons
Bacterial meningitis
Listeriosis
Rabies
Encephalitis
Hansen's disease
Tetanus
Botulism
Poliomyelitis
Transmissable spongiform encephalopathies
Chagas' disease

19. Death of brain cells leave holes, creating spongiform brain tissue; amyloid plaques form; long delay before symptoms appear; then spasms rapidly worsening to collapse; no cure
Bacterial meningitis
Listeriosis
Rabies
Encephalitis
Hansen's disease
Tetanus
Botulism
Poliomyelitis
Transmissable spongiform encephalopathies
Chagas' disease

20. Subcutaneous inflammation, damage to lymphatic tissues, muscle, and nerve ganglia; muscle pain and paralysis of intestinal, heart, and skeletal muscle
Bacterial meningitis
Listeriosis
Rabies
Encephalitis
Hansen's disease
Tetanus
Botulism
Poliomyelitis
Transmissable spongiform encephalopathies
Chagas' disease