1. Human demography suggests that an improving economy in a country correlates with:
a) decreased birth rate, increased population growth rate
b) decreased death rate, increased population growth rate
c) decreased birth rate, decreased population growth rate
d) increased birth rate, decreased population growth rate
e) increased birth rate, increased population growth rate
2. The reservoirs and pathways that any chemical element follows through the Earth's system is called the:
a) carbon cycle
b) nitrogen cycle
c) hydrologic cycle
d) geological cycle
e) biochemical cycle
3. The original source of energy that drives the hydrologic cycle is:
a) rain
b) thermal energy
c) solar energy
d) gravity
e) photosynthesis
4. A set of interacting species that live in the same area is called a(n):
a) ecological community
b) community level effect
c) keystone species
d) ecosystem
e) individual species
5. A species upon which the entire ecosystem depends on is called a(n):
a) ecological community
b) community level effect
c) keystone species
d) ecosystem
e) individual species
6. An ecological community is:
a) a set of interacting species that occur in the same place
b) a system of interdependent living and nonliving components in a given area over a given period of time
c) a system based on the living environment
d) the smallest group that has all characteristics necessary to sustain life
e) the total physical and chemical environment of a continent
7. These organisms live at or near deep ocean vents and derive energy from inorganic sulfur compounds:
a) autotrophs
b) chemautotrophs
c) biotrophs
d) heterotrophs
e) homotrophs
8. What is meant by energy "fixation"?
a) storage of light energy in the green parts of a plant
b) the capture of light energy by plants
c) the production of biomass
d) the transfer of light energy to energy in chemical bonds of an organic compound
e) the energy flow in ecosystems
9. Gradual, sequential changes in the composition of an ecosystem, particularly following an initial disturbance is called:
a) tolerance
b) succession
c) facilitation
d) interference
e) reforestation
10. Why does the availability of chemical elements increase immediately after a fire?
a) many elements are blown onto the atmosphere
b) fire restores the natural habitat
c) many compounds in the ash are highly soluble in water
d) toxins are removed by smoke
e) natural predators are eliminated by the fire