You will choose 10 of the following topics for you to respond to on the exam.

o This will be a test. It WILL NOT be open note/open book.

o You will be provided with paper, and only need to bring a writing utensil.

o Write all responses in complete sentences. A well-developed response is a full paragraph. Support all responses with historical facts (events, people, places, laws, etc.) from readings & lecture.

o I do not count off for spelling, but I cannot grade what I cannot understand. Your grade will be penalized if your response is illegible/unintelligible.
Possible Short Answer Questions:

1. Explain how the Supreme Court weakened the impact of the 14th Amendment at the end of the Reconstruction era?

2. Discuss at least three ways African Americans demonstrated their citizenship during Reconstruction.

3. Discuss at least three ways that Native Americans resisted colonial rule at the end of the nineteenth century.

4. What new technologies or innovations transformed mining and agriculture in the West at the end of the nineteenth century? Give at least three examples and explain the impact of each.

5. What was the Women's Christian Temperance Union? Who was responsible for leading the WCTU into politics and how?

6. Explain at least three new businesses strategies that contributed to the expansion of American industry during the Gilded Age, at the end of the nineteenth century.

7. How did the federal government to respond to increased immigration at the end of the nineteenth century? Discuss at least three examples to support your response.

8. What events inspired workers to join the Knights of Labor? Why did workers turn away from the Knights of Labor by the 1890s?

9. Explain which groups of Americans supported the Populist Party and why. What did the political party promise to accomplish for these Americans?

10. Discuss at least three reasons why Americans wanted to expand colonization in the 1890s.

11. How did the inhabitants of Hawai'i and the Philippines respond to U.S. colonization?

12. Discuss at least three examples of how journalists influenced American policies between Reconstruction and the Great Depression.

13. Discuss the roles that women played in grassroots Progressivism. Explain how this provided opportunities for women to participate in local politics.

14. What was America's policy in World War I before 1917? Why did it change in 1917?

15. How were American civil rights limited during World War I & the Red Scare? How were civil rights expanded at this time?

16. What was Booker T. Washington's strategy for solving race relations in America? How successful was this strategy? Remember to use historical facts from the era to support your response.

17. In what ways did American race relations change in the 1920s? In what ways did they remain the same? Explain at least two examples to support your answer.

18. What is eugenics? Give two examples of how this affected American populations before World War II.

19. Identify and discuss at least three factors that led to the Great Depression.

20. Discuss at least three ways Americans adjusted to the changes brought by the Great Depression.