Write must be between 300 and 500 words in length, double-spaced, and submitted to the Dropbox in either MS Word.

In responding to the questions in the discussions and on the essay, you may want to use resources in addition to your textbook. This is encouraged, as it allows you to explore areas of interest in more detail. I do caution you; however, to be aware of any biases that some authors might have in dealing with the subject matter. Remember that

Wikipedia is not an acceptable resource, as it is not refereed, and therefore not reliable. I recommend the sources found in the databases available through the Columbia College library. Be sure to document your sources properly using either the MLA or Turabian (Chicago Manual of Style) format. Essays that have any plagiarized material will receive zero points.

Questions:

1. Read the Funeral Oration of Pericles in the Ancient History Source book at Fordham University (http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/pericles-funeralspeech.asp).

Given the context of this speech, do you believe everything Pericles says about Athens in the Funeral Oration? Why or why not?

2. Read Robert the Monk's account of Pope Urban II's call to crusade found on the Internet History Sourcebooks Project site at http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/urban2a.html. Why would Christians in the West be moved to embark on a dangerous journey to fight in the Holy Land after hearing Pope Urban's speech at Clermont?

3. Read Luther's 95 Theses at the Internet Christian Library (http://www.iclnet.org/pub/resources/text/wittenberg/luther/ninetyfive.txt). Martin Luther wrote these propositions in order to engage in a debate with fellow theologians. How do the issues Luther present for debate illustrate the problems in the Church of his day?

Reference book;

Donald Kagan, Steven Ozment, Frank Turner and Alison Frank, The Western Heritage, Volume 1. (Boston: Pearson Education) 2012.