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write mechanisms for the following reactions, which are used in chemical tests and derivative preparations: (a) the reaction of butanal with 2,4 dinitrophenylhydrazine reagent. (b) the preparationof the 3,5-dinitrobenzoate of 1-butanol. (c) the iodoform reaction of 2-butanone. (d) the reaction of 2-methyl-2-butanol with Lucas' reagent.

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