These questions are in reference to Western Civilization and must be a minimum of 200 words a piece, and please make the answers originals.

1. The fall of Italy acted as a catalyst, causing historians and political theorists to approach these disciplines in new ways. Discuss the two main individuals in the text who are representative of the new Renaissance thinking.

2. How did the Protestant Reformation in England occur? What was the cause for the reformation? What events led to this change, and what impact did these changes have on England?

3. During the 16th century, The Age of Confessional Division produced religious wars in France, Spain, and the Netherlands. Choose one of these conflicts and discuss the events, causes, and outcomes.

4. What reasons does the text give regarding why the unsettled times of the 16th century stimulated what is still considered classic literature for England, France, and Spain? Be sure to discuss specific examples of literature.