Question 1

The Medici controlled the finances of the Italian city-state of:

a. Venice.

b. Rome.

c. Milan.

d. Florence.

Question 2

Federico da Montefeltro, Duke of Urbino was:

a. the ideal Renaissance prince who was a father figure to his subjects, astute diplomat, brilliant soldier, generous patron, avid collector, and man of learning.

b. an outspoken advocate of Italian unification.

c. a callous, disloyal prince loathed by the papacy.

d. strictly opposed to the proliferation of condottieri in Italy.

Question 3

The Great Schism was resolved and unity restored by which of the following church councils?

a. Council of Constance

b. Council of Trent

c. Council of Nicaea

d. Council of Base l

Question 4

The Great Schism was caused by the move of the pope from:

a. Avignon to Rome.

b. Rome to Avignon.

c. Florence to Rome.

d. Rome to Jerusalem.

Question 5

Which of the following best describes an indulgence?

a. A relic of the crusades

b. A church doctrine
c. A certificate that allowed penitents to atone for their sins and reduce their time in purgatory

d. A religious ass

Question 6

The Jacquerie refers to:

a. a revolt of peasants in England in 1381.

b. elite French troops.

c. the lowest estate in France's Estates General.

d. a peasant's revolt in France in 1358.

Question 7

The progress of the Hundred Years' War was characterized by:

a. early French victories.

b. a return to feudal-style armies.

c. a brief but successful invasion of England by a small French army.

d. early English successes.

Question 8

Which of the following was a reformer and Oxford professor who questioned the power and wealth of the clergy, the value of sacraments, and preached personal responsibility?

a. Jan Huss

b. John Wycliffe

c. Martin Luther

d. Jonas Salk

Question 9

Scholars who studied ancient Greek and Roman texts were known as which of the following during the early 15th century?

a. Historians

b. Humanists

c. Scholastics

d. Priests

Question 10

Castiglione's The Book of the Courtier was a:

a. primer on military training for nobles.

b. book on courtly manners

c. sharp denunciation of the wasteful noble life.

d. treatise against active participation in public life.

Question 11

In Bosnia and Albania, the Ottoman conquests resulted in __________.

Question 12

In the late middle ages, ethnic and religious discrimination increased in __________, __________, and __________ .

Question 13

In the late middle ages, __________ was a religious movement stressing individual piety, ethical behavior, and intense religious education.

Question 14

__________ ensured autonomy of French church from papal control.

Question 15

__________ were professional organizations that protected interests of a specific trade or craft and monopolized production and trade.

Question 16

To what extent were climate and disease key factors in producing economic and social changes?

Question 17

Discuss the Hundred Years War: What were its causes? Why did the war continue for so long a period? What advantages did each side possess? What were the outcomes of the war for France and England?